debug java netbeans

debugging is an essential part of software development, allowing you to inspect and control the execution of your code to identify and fix issues. netbeans provides a robust set of debugging tools that makes this process easier. below is a step-by-step tutorial on how to debug a java application using netbeans, along with a code example.

step 1: setting up your java project

1. **open netbeans**: launch the netbeans ide.
2. **create a new project**:
- go to `file` `new project`.
- select `java` under categories, then choose `java application` under projects.
- click `next`.
- enter your project name (e.g., `debugexample`) and click `finish`.

step 2: write a simple java program

for demonstration purposes, let’s create a simple java program with a bug.

1. **create a new java class**:
- right-click on the `source packages` directory in your project.
- select `new` `java class`.
- name it `calculator` and click `finish`.

2. **write the code**:

step 3: introduce a bug

let's modify the `subtract` method to create a bug:

step 4: start debugging

1. **set a breakpoint**:
- click in the left margin next to the line of code where you want to set a breakpoint. for example, you might want to set a breakpoint in the `subtract` method.
- a red dot will appear, indicating that a breakpoint has been set.

2. **start debugging**:
- right-click on the project in the projects window and select `debug`.
- alternatively, you can click on the `debug project` button in the toolbar.

step 5: debugging controls

once the debugger starts, you will see the debugger window. here are some key controls:

- **step over (f8)**: executes the current line and moves to the next line.
- **step into (f7)**: if the current line calls another method, this will take you into that method.
- **step out (shift + f7)**: completes the current method and returns to the caller.
- **resume (f5)**: continues ...

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