Stomach Anatomy (Topography, External Features, Parts, Layers)

Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:29 Topography of the Stomach
1:56 External Features of the Stomach
2:30 Parts of the Stomach
3:56 Layers of the Gastric Wall

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Topography of Gaster:
- Holotopy: Lies in the Epigastric Region and Left Hypochondriac Region (Left upper quadrant).
○ From Cardiac Orifice (Ostium Cardiacum)
○ To Pyloric Orifice (Ostium Pyloricum)
- Syntopy:
○ Anterior wall: Diaphragm, Liver, Anterior abdominal wall
○ Posterior Wall: Left Kidney, Spleen, Pancreas, Transverse Colon

External Features:
- Lesser Curvature (Curvatura Minor)
○ Angular Notch (Incisura Angularis)
- Greater Curvature (Curvatura Major)
○ Cardiac Notch (Incisura Cardialis)

Parts of the Stomach:
- Cardiac Part (Pars Cardiaca)
- Fundus (Fundus Gastricus)
- Body of Gaster (Corpus Gastricum)
- Pyloric Part (Pars Pylorica)
○ Pyloric Antrum (Antrum Pyloricum)
○ Pyloric Canal (Canalis Pyloricus)

Layers of the Gastric Wall:
- Tunica Mucosa (2-3 cm)
○ Gastric Folds (Plicae Gastricae)
○ Areae Gastricae
○ Simple Columnar Epithelium
○ Gastric Pit (Foveolare Gastricae)
○ Lamina Propria
○ Muscularis Mucosa
- Tela Submucosa
○ Loose Connective Tissue
- Tunica Muscularis
○ Smooth muscles
○ Inner: Oblique muscle Layer
○ Middle: Circular Muscle Layer
§ Pyloric Sphincter (musculus sphincter pyloricus)
○ Outer: Longitudinal Muscle Layer
- Tunica Serosa
○ Formed by the Peritoneum

Sources used in this video:
- Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
- Biorender
- University notes and lectures

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