Lesson - 46 : Python Advanced - Python OOP’s : Overview of OOP Terminology

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Python OOP’s : Overview of OOP Terminology :
1. Class: A user-defined prototype for an object that defines a set of attributes that characterize any object of the class. The attributes are data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods, accessed via dot notation.
2. Class variable: A variable that is shared by all instances of a class. Class variables are defined within a class but outside any of the class's methods. Class variables are not used as frequently as instance variables are.
3. Data member: A class variable or instance variable that holds data associated with a class and its objects.
4. Function overloading: The assignment of more than one behavior to a particular function. The operation performed varies by the types of objects or arguments involved.
5. Instance variable: A variable that is defined inside a method and belongs only to the current instance of a class.
6. Inheritance: The transfer of the characteristics of a class to other classes that are derived from it.
7. Instance: An individual object of a certain class. An object obj that belongs to a class Circle, for example, is an instance of the class Circle.
8. Instantiation: The creation of an instance of a class.
9. Method : A special kind of function that is defined in a class definition.
10. Object: A unique instance of a data structure that's defined by its class. An object comprises both data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods.
11. Operator overloading: The assignment of more than one function to a particular operator.