Cyprus | Wikipedia audio article

This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Cyprus


00:04:25 1 Etymology
00:05:39 2 History
00:05:48 2.1 Prehistoric and Ancient Cyprus
00:08:29 2.2 Middle Ages
00:11:05 2.3 Cyprus under the Ottoman Empire
00:14:21 2.4 Cyprus under the British Empire
00:19:29 2.5 Independence and inter-communal violence
00:22:47 2.6 1974 coup, Turkish invasion and division
00:25:11 2.7 Post-division
00:27:51 3 Geography
00:30:36 3.1 Climate
00:34:46 3.2 Water supply
00:36:30 4 Politics
00:39:18 4.1 Administrative divisions
00:39:37 4.2 Exclaves and enclaves
00:40:32 4.3 Foreign relations
00:41:27 4.4 Law, justice and human rights
00:43:43 4.5 Armed forces
00:44:43 5 Economy
00:48:50 5.1 Transport
00:51:00 5.2 Communications
00:51:35 6 Demographics
00:56:04 6.1 Functional urban areas
00:56:13 6.2 Religion
00:57:35 6.3 Languages
00:58:52 6.4 Education
01:00:39 7 Culture
01:01:55 7.1 Arts
01:04:19 7.2 Music
01:05:53 7.3 Literature
01:08:38 7.4 Mass media
01:10:20 7.5 Cinema
01:12:20 7.6 Cuisine
01:14:09 7.7 Sports
01:16:57 8 See also



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- Socrates



SUMMARY
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Cyprus ( (listen); Greek: Κύπρος [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean and the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, located south of Turkey, west of Syria and Lebanon, northwest of Israel, north of Egypt, and southeast of Greece.
The earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Archaeological remains from this period include the well-preserved Neolithic village of Khirokitia, and Cyprus is home to some of the oldest water wells in the world. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great. Subsequent rule by Ptolemaic Egypt, the Classical and Eastern Roman Empire, Arab caliphates for a short period, the French Lusignan dynasty and the Venetians, was followed by over three centuries of Ottoman rule between 1571 and 1878 (de jure until 1914).Cyprus was placed under British administration based on the Cyprus Convention in 1878 and was formally annexed by Britain in 1914. While Turkish Cypriots made up 18% of the population, the partition of Cyprus and creation of a Turkish state in the north became a policy of Turkish Cypriot leaders and Turkey in the 1950s. Turkish leaders for a period advocated the annexation of Cyprus to Turkey as Cyprus was considered an "extension of Anatolia" by them; while, since the 19th century, the majority Greek Cypriot population and its Orthodox church had been pursuing union with Greece, which became a Greek national policy in the 1950s. Following nationalist violence in the 1950s, Cyprus was granted independence in 1960. In 1963, the 11-year intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots started, which displaced more than 25,000 Turkish Cypriots and brought the end of Turkish Cypriot representation in the republic. On 15 July 1974, a coup d'état was staged by Greek Cypriot nationalists and elements of the Greek military junta in an attempt at enosis, the incorporation of Cyprus into Greece. This action precipitated the Turkish invasion of Cyprus on 20 July, which led to the capture of the present-day territory of Northern Cyprus in the following month, after a ceasefire collapsed, and the displacement of over 150,000 Greek Cypriots and 50,000 Turkish Cypriots. A separate Turkish Cypriot state in the north was established by unilateral declaration in 1983; the move was widely condemned by the international community, with Turkey alone recognizing the new state. These events and the resulting political situation are matters of a continuing dispute.
The Republic of Cy ...