💟 (SCIENCE) What are the Methods of Separating Mixtures? | #iQuestionPH

✨️ What are the Methods of Separating Mixtures?

🔬 Introduction to Mixtures

You already know that a mixture is made up of two or more substances combined by physical means. The components of a mixture can be easily separated using simple methods, as they are not chemically bonded.

🧑‍🔬 Separation Techniques of Mixtures

Here are the basic separation techniques of mixtures:

🍚 1. Sieving: Separating Particles of Different Sizes

Sieving is the process of separating mixed particles of various sizes. For example, when baking, you use a sifter to sieve the flour, sugar, and other dry ingredients, leaving only the fine particles and removing the lumps.

🤲 2. Picking: Separating by Hand or Tools

Picking is a simple way to separate the components of a mixture by using your hands or tools like tongs. For instance, when cooking rice, you may use your hands to remove rice hulls or tiny stones.

🧲 3. Using a Magnet: Attracting Magnetic Components

A magnet can be used to separate magnetic components from non-magnetic ones. For example, if you have a mixture of paper clips and beads, a magnet can attract the paper clips while leaving the beads behind.

⚙️ 4. Centrifugation: Using Centrifugal Force

Centrifugation is a method that uses centrifugal force to separate solid components in a mixture. The centrifuge spins the mixture in a tube, causing the denser components to sink. For example, this method is used to separate blood components in a laboratory.

📜 5. Chromatography: Separating Components Through Phases

Chromatography separates components into mobile and stationary phases. The mobile phase passes through the stationary phase to separate the components. For example, paper chromatography separates ink into its different colors using a solvent.

💧 6. Decantation: Pouring Out the Liquid

Decantation separates components by allowing an insoluble substance to settle, then pouring out the liquid. For example, this is used to separate sand from water.

🔥 7. Distillation: Separating Liquids by Boiling Points

Distillation separates components of a homogeneous liquid mixture with different boiling points. The liquid with the lowest boiling point evaporates first, and the vapor is condensed back into liquid form. For example, distillation is used to separate alcohol from water.

💨 8. Evaporation: Removing Liquid to Leave Solids

Evaporation separates a liquid from dissolved solids by converting the liquid into gas. For example, heating a salt solution will cause the water to evaporate, leaving behind salt crystals.

🧪 9. Filtration: Separating Solids from Liquids

Filtration separates insoluble particles from a liquid using a porous material like filter paper. The liquid that passes through is called the filtrate, and the solid residue is left behind. For example, brewing coffee involves filtration.

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