Who killed the people who built Stonehenge?

This video introduces the Y-DNA of the people who built Stonehenge. They suddenly disappear after 3000 BC. The video also introduces the Y-DNA of the people who supposedly exterminated them. It also maps the geographic features of the British Isles from the Ice Age to 6000 BC.

00:19 A brief introduction to Stonehenge
01:55 Characteristics of Stonehenge structures
03:47 Sources of stones used in structures
06:52 Geographical characteristics of the British Isles between the LGM and 6000 BC
09:56 The spread of Neolithic agriculture and the people who built Stonehenge
13:05 Bronze Age spread of war and the bottleneck of Y-chromosome DNA

#stonehenge #ancientstory #ancienthistory #bronzeage #bronzeagecomics

[minmodsefa]

Neither the bell-beakers or EEF people looked like the neanderthal in the thumbnail, bud.

[TrappedInFloor]

They discovered some years ago that Stonehenge had numerous axes carved into the megaliths. In the context of the axe cult of the early Indo-Europeans of the Corded Ware and Bell Beaker cultures, and the discovery of the near total population replacement and Y-DNA collapse, those carvings go from being a neat art piece to an ominous sign of what actually happened to the farmers that constructed the site.

[riikkaalanen]

There’s some research suggesting that the Steppe people brought with them an unwelcome visitor — yersinia pestis, i.e., the plague. The neolithic farmers in Britain (or neolithic Europeans) had very little or no resistance to the plague. To many Steppe folks, the villages in Britain they came across may have been empty, their inhabitants already dead of the plague. The rest of them may have been not able to offer armed resistance. Who knows, maybe the folklore myths and legends telling of the Folk, Sidhe, elfs, fairies, brownies, etc. people who used to live in the lands of humans before they went away, leaving only their monuments behind, may have roots in these initial encounters.

[helenamcginty]

The 'heel' stone was once upright and one of four stones.
The 'altar' stone was also once upright. Knocked over when one of the uprights of the central trilithon collapsed.
It is now accepted (very recently) that there was never a blue stone circle at Preselli.

[FortressofLugh]

The builders of what period of Stonehenge? The last stages of the structure were built by the Bell Beakers, not the Neolithic population.

[drend]

The oldest post-glacial human remains so far discovered in England, were found in Gough`s cave in Somerset and dated to be15, 000 years old rather than 12, 000. Also, I`m finding the idea of mounted bell-beaker warriors mowing down the locals with their bronze swords to be a bit fanciful (more wild west than Wessex !)

[georgeborb]

R1B is correlated with a lot of violence after some research. Not only in the bronze age...

[gar]

Av-eh-bury ?
I know some English place names can be a bit difficult like Worcestershire, and maybe Esher or Slough.
But seriously, Avebury is one of the easy ones and should be instantly recognisable to anyone with a passing interest in neolithic sites.

[osamabinhidin]

The problem with 'the Y chromosome Bottleneck' being related to accelerated levels of warfare in response to the increased use of copper and bronze weapons is that, as shown on the graph, the significant reduction in the presence of the Y chromosome appears across all regions of the populated globe simultaneously, whereas the transition between the neolithic and the copper/early bronze age did not occur simultaneously across the global human population and, conversely, spread in a slow and often sporadic manner through the various regions of the world. This would indicate that, if 'the Y chromosome Bottleneck' is indeed verifiable fact, the cause would have to be global in scope and apparently incredibly rapid in the manifestation of its effects, effects that would, for some as yet unknown reason, specifically and negatively impact male homosapiens.

After all, if it were due to warfare we would expect to find the graves of individuals, with Y chromosomes, who had fought and died in the warfare. It seems to me that 'the Y chromosome Bottleneck', if true, would more likely be related to the generative process of pregnancy and birth, as the graph seems to indicate not that more men were dying, but rather that less males were being born. What could cause this I have no idea although, as i have suggested, whatever it was must have been global in its scope and therefore, possibly, related to some environmental change.

[jasonborn]

Excellent job and definitely a thumbs up! I recently read a scholarly article that detected small amounts of Neandertal and Denisovan DNA in Africans. I would enjoy watching a video documenting how and when that population received the archaic DNA. Please let me know if you wish to review the study. Thank you.

[Ghost]

If we were "completely exterminated" we wouldn't still be here. I wouldn't be typing this.
I2-M284(Native to Britain, Ireland >10kya) -L1195(survived and expanded during Neolithic) -L126(expanded form s Scotland in late Bronze Age) -Y4142(expanded with the fall of Rome).
This (my) paternal line is also by far the most populous today of the I2 lines that descend from the British/Irish Neolithic.
L161, L38(my mother's ydna), being the other predominant ones that reached the Isles at least by the early Neolithic, and later survived the Bell Beaker "invasion".

[stevoplex]

The people who made Stonehenge did not do so because they had the necessary technology. They really, really WANTED to. Whether they were inspired, compelled or coerced is more of a mystery. The point is that, because they Really Wanted to build it, they dedicated a lot of time and effort into creating the technology, methods and societal organization for the purpose. The invading population must have been equally motivated to expand and enhance the original structure. Lacking this motivational imperative, they perhaps would not have been able to dominate the original society who first created the site. One thing in particular puzzles me. Several of the largest stone structures have been toppled and not rebuilt. How? Why? It's very difficult to topple an 80 ton saracen and its lintels on purpose and even more unlikely to just accidentally knock it down. 😯 "Oops! Sorry about that. My bad." It took quite a bit of effort and motive to do so. Was it being redesigned and remodeled, only to be abandoned for whatever reason? Was it cultural vandalism intended to repress and dominate the people who erected them. 🤔 I don't know.

[richern]

We know that Neolithic People also exterminated each other. Eg. Talheim Mass Graves etc...We also know that some inbreeding happened and we know about the Yersinia Pestis Plague plus Climate Change. So laying it all in front of the feet of R1b Men is a stretch.

[irenejohnston]

Why does the illustration of the builder of Stonehenge look less than human?

[satanshameer]

Can you do an episode on Bacho kiro, ust-ishim, etc and them being closer to eastern groups?

[jeffersonwright]

There is a new theory that migrating Yamnaya and Sintashtra cultures were asymptomatic carriers of Proto Y.pestis ie Black Plague, which would have wiped out non European cultures they came into contact with.

[Varvarmisanthrope]

My DNA is I2a1b m-423)) Who killed my relatives?

[kronkite]

Some of the dates referred to on screen do not match the audio commentary (eg. around 7:50); not very helpful!

[dannyboywhaa]

They are still here in tiny numbers - known as dark Irish or dark Welsh - dark curly hair, with darker, leathery skin, swarthy (more body hair) and generally smaller as well.... still here! I’ll bet there’s a lot of those genes in Irish traveller communities - people think they’re Romany, but Irish and Romany gypsies don’t actually mix that much! Also loads of gingers among Irish travellers - it’s a very mixed population group! Particularly in Ireland...

[fightfannerd]

I'm not sure if anyone killed them?