Python Short Code - Selection Sort

Selection sort is a simple in-place comparison-based sorting algorithm that is used to sort small lists or data sets. It works by dividing the input list into two parts: a sorted sub-list and an unsorted sub-list. Initially, the sorted sub-list is empty and the unsorted sub-list contains all the elements of the input list. The algorithm then repeatedly finds the minimum element in the unsorted sub-list and swaps it with the leftmost unsorted element, thereby growing the sorted sub-list by one element. This process is repeated until the entire list is sorted.

The basic idea of the selection sort algorithm is to iterate over each element in the unsorted sub-list, and then find the minimum element in the remaining unsorted sub-list. Once the minimum element is found, the algorithm swaps it with the leftmost unsorted element, thereby growing the sorted sub-list by one element. This process is repeated until all the elements in the unsorted sub-list have been sorted.

Selection sort has a worst-case time complexity of O(n^2) and a best-case time complexity of O(n^2). Despite its relatively poor performance compared to other sorting algorithms such as quicksort and mergesort, selection sort has several advantages. It requires only a single temporary variable to perform the swap operation, making it memory efficient. Additionally, selection sort is an in-place algorithm, meaning that it does not require extra memory to store the input list, and it is stable, meaning that it preserves the relative order of equal elements in the sorted output.

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