How it Works: External Gear Pump

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First invented nearly 400 years ago, the external gear pump principle is one of the earliest and simplest pump designs. Viking Pump is a leading manufacturer of external gear pumps, with model sizes and designs to cover a wide range of pumping applications. External gear pumps are similar in pumping action to internal gear pumps in that two gears come into and out of mesh to produce flow. However, the external gear pump uses two identical gears rotating against each other. One gear is driven by the motor; this gear is called the driver gear. A second, driven gear, meshes with, and is rotated by, the driver gear. As the gears come out of mesh, they create an expanding volume on the inlet side of the pump. This creates a vacuum which pulls liquid into the pump. Liquid is trapped between the gear tooth cavities and the close fitting casing wall. The rotation of the gears carries the liquid around to the outlet side of the pump. The liquid does not pass between the gears. At the outlet, the meshing of the gears forces the liquid through the outlet port. Because the gears are supported on both sides, external gear pumps are routinely used for high-pressure applications including hydraulics and pipeline injection. They come in many sizes to accommodate a wide variety of high speed, high pressure applications.