Hackerrank Python Basic Solution | Vending Machine Program | Dominant cells | Python Certification

Explanation for Vending Machine -

The VendingMachine class has a constructor that takes two parameters num_items and item_price, which represent the number of items in the machine and the price of a single item, respectively. The class also has a method buy that takes two parameters req_items and money, which represent the requested number of items and the amount of money the customer puts into the machine, respectively.

The buy method first checks if there are enough items in the machine to serve the request. If there are not enough items, it raises a ValueError exception with the message "Not enough items in the machine". If there are enough items, it computes the cost of the requested number of items and checks if the given amount of money is sufficient to buy them. If the given amount of money is not sufficient, it raises a ValueError exception with the message "Not enough coins". If there are enough items and the given amount of money is sufficient, it computes the change to be given back to the customer, reduces the number of items in the machine by the requested number, and returns the change.

This implementation should meet the given requirements and constraints.

Explanation for Dominant Cells -
To solve this problem, we can iterate over all cells in the grid and check if each cell is a dominant cell. To check if a cell is a dominant cell, we need to compare its value with the values of all its neighbors. We can do this by iterating over all the neighbors of the cell and checking if the cell's value is greater than the neighbor's value.

The function numCells takes a 2-dimensional list grid as input and returns the number of dominant cells in the grid. It first initializes a count variable to 0. It then iterates over all cells in the grid using two nested loops. For each cell, it sets the is_dominant flag to True and then iterates over all its neighbors using two nested loops. For each neighbor, it checks if the neighbor's value is greater than or equal to the cell's value and if the neighbor is not the same as the cell. If this condition is true, it sets the is_dominant flag to False. Finally, if the is_dominant flag is still True after checking all neighbors, it increments the count variable.

This approach has a time complexity of O(n^2m^2), which is not very efficient for large values of n and m. However, since the constraints on n and m are relatively small, this approach should work well for the given problem.

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