9b. Hypovolemic Shock, Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS) (2020) - OLD

This video covers the first type of shock, Hypovolemic. It is centered around recognition of hypovolemic shock as well as its signs and symptoms. This is the most common and easiest to understand of the different types of shock. Its causes are explained and the signs and symptoms are provided.

"Hypovolemic shock is the most common type of shock and perhaps the easiest to understand. It occurs when there is insufficient blood in the cardiovascular system, which can be due to hemorrhage externally, or into the peritoneum or into the gastrointestinal system.

Hypovolemic shock in children can also occur from water loss, perspiration, diarrhea, vomiting, or when fluid moves into the tissues.

In hypovolemic shock, preload to the heart is decreased (that is, there is less volume to fill the heart), though contractility is normal or increased. Likewise, afterload is increased since the vessels have constricted in an attempt to increase blood pressure.

Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock include possible tachypnea, tachycardia, adequate or low blood pressure, narrow pulse pressure, slow capillary refill, weak peripheral pulses, normal central pulses, possible decreased urine output, and decreased level of consciousness."

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