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Iterator Design Pattern Tutorial with Java Code Example for Beginners | Iterator Pattern Explained
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Iterator is a behavioral design pattern that lets you traverse elements of a collection without exposing its underlying representation (list, stack, tree, etc.). The Iterator design pattern provides a way to access the elements of an aggregate object sequentially without exposing its underlying representation. The Iterator is one of the simplest and most frequently used of the design patterns. The Iterator pattern allows you to move through a collection of data using a standard interface without having to know the details of the internal representations of that data.
** Iterator Design Pattern Real World Example **
Let’s take an example of different types of collections we have in Java language. Collections are one of the most used data types in programming. Nonetheless, a collection is just a container for a group of objects. Most collections store their elements in simple lists. However, some of them are based on stacks, trees, graphs and other complex data structures.
But no matter how a collection is structured, it must provide some way of accessing its elements so that other code can use these elements. There should be a way to go through each element of the collection without accessing the same elements over and over.
This may sound like an easy job if you have a collection based on a list. You just loop over all of the elements. But how do you sequentially traverse elements of a complex data structure, such as a tree? For example, one day you might be just fine with depth-first traversal of a tree. Yet the next day you might require breadth-first traversal. And the next week, you might need something else, like random access to the tree elements. Adding more and more traversal algorithms to the collection gradually blurs its primary responsibility, which is efficient data storage.
The solution to this problem is Iterator Pattern. The main idea of the Iterator pattern is to extract the traversal behavior of a collection into a separate object called an iterator.
In addition to implementing the algorithm itself, an iterator object encapsulates all of the traversal details, such as the current position and how many elements are left till the end. Because of this, several iterators can go through the same collection at the same time, independently of each other.
All iterators must implement the same interface. This makes the client code compatible with any collection type or any traversal algorithm as long as there’s a proper iterator. If you need a special way to traverse a collection, you just create a new iterator class, without having to change the collection or the client.
** Where to use Iterator Design Pattern **
1. Where ever we need standard way to traverse through a group of Objects.
2. Where ever we want to traverse elements of a collection without exposing its underlying representation.
3. Where ever we want to add more traversal algorithms to the collection and want to keep traversal logic separate from collection.
** Advantages of Iterator Design Pattern **
1. The same iterator can be used for different aggregates.
2. Different iterator algorithm can be used on the same collection at the same time.
3. Allows you to traverse the aggregate in different ways depending on your needs.
4. It encapsulates the internal structure of how the iteration occurs.
5. Don't need to bloat your class with operations for different traversals.
** Chapter Timestamps **
0:00 Welcome to iterator Design Pattern
0:30 Recap of Interpreter Design Pattern
1:36 Introduction of Iterator Design Pattern
2:36 Example of Iterator Design Pattern
5:06 Java code Implementation of Iterator Design Pattern
10:54 Where to use Iterator Design Pattern
11:40 Advantages of Iterator Design Pattern
12:09 Summary of Iterator Design Pattern
12:50 Next video on Chain of Responsibility Design Pattern
#iteratorpattern #iteratordesignpattern #designpatterns
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** Iterator Design Pattern Real World Example **
Let’s take an example of different types of collections we have in Java language. Collections are one of the most used data types in programming. Nonetheless, a collection is just a container for a group of objects. Most collections store their elements in simple lists. However, some of them are based on stacks, trees, graphs and other complex data structures.
But no matter how a collection is structured, it must provide some way of accessing its elements so that other code can use these elements. There should be a way to go through each element of the collection without accessing the same elements over and over.
This may sound like an easy job if you have a collection based on a list. You just loop over all of the elements. But how do you sequentially traverse elements of a complex data structure, such as a tree? For example, one day you might be just fine with depth-first traversal of a tree. Yet the next day you might require breadth-first traversal. And the next week, you might need something else, like random access to the tree elements. Adding more and more traversal algorithms to the collection gradually blurs its primary responsibility, which is efficient data storage.
The solution to this problem is Iterator Pattern. The main idea of the Iterator pattern is to extract the traversal behavior of a collection into a separate object called an iterator.
In addition to implementing the algorithm itself, an iterator object encapsulates all of the traversal details, such as the current position and how many elements are left till the end. Because of this, several iterators can go through the same collection at the same time, independently of each other.
All iterators must implement the same interface. This makes the client code compatible with any collection type or any traversal algorithm as long as there’s a proper iterator. If you need a special way to traverse a collection, you just create a new iterator class, without having to change the collection or the client.
** Where to use Iterator Design Pattern **
1. Where ever we need standard way to traverse through a group of Objects.
2. Where ever we want to traverse elements of a collection without exposing its underlying representation.
3. Where ever we want to add more traversal algorithms to the collection and want to keep traversal logic separate from collection.
** Advantages of Iterator Design Pattern **
1. The same iterator can be used for different aggregates.
2. Different iterator algorithm can be used on the same collection at the same time.
3. Allows you to traverse the aggregate in different ways depending on your needs.
4. It encapsulates the internal structure of how the iteration occurs.
5. Don't need to bloat your class with operations for different traversals.
** Chapter Timestamps **
0:00 Welcome to iterator Design Pattern
0:30 Recap of Interpreter Design Pattern
1:36 Introduction of Iterator Design Pattern
2:36 Example of Iterator Design Pattern
5:06 Java code Implementation of Iterator Design Pattern
10:54 Where to use Iterator Design Pattern
11:40 Advantages of Iterator Design Pattern
12:09 Summary of Iterator Design Pattern
12:50 Next video on Chain of Responsibility Design Pattern
#iteratorpattern #iteratordesignpattern #designpatterns
** Previous Video Links **
** GITHUB Project **
** CHECK OUT OUR OTHER VIDEOS **
** CHECK OUR PLAYLISTS **
Docker Containers Complete Tutorial
** ABOUT OUR CHANNEL **
CodeOneDigest is a youtube channel that produces videos on programming languages, cloud and container technologies, Software design principles, Java frameworks in English and Hindi languages.
** OUR WEBSITE **
** GET IN TOUCH **
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