Raising custom errors in python python tutorial day 38

## python tutorial day 38: raising custom errors

in python, it's often necessary to handle exceptional situations through errors and exceptions. while python has a variety of built-in exceptions (like `valueerror`, `typeerror`, etc.), there are times when you may want to define your own exceptions tailored to your specific application needs. this tutorial will cover how to create and raise custom errors in python.

### why use custom errors?

1. **clarity**: custom errors can provide clearer information about what went wrong in your application.
2. **specificity**: you can create exceptions that are specific to your application, making it easier to debug.
3. **control**: you have more control over the flow of your program by defining how specific errors are handled.

### creating a custom error

to create a custom error in python, you define a new class that inherits from the built-in `exception` class. you can also add custom attributes and methods to enhance the functionality of your error.

here's a simple example of how to create and raise a custom error:

### explanation of the code

1. **defining the custom exception**:
- we define a class called `invalidageerror` that inherits from `exception`.
- the `__init__` method initializes the exception with the invalid age and a custom message.
- the `__str__` method provides a string representation of the error when it's printed.

2. **function to set age**:
- the `set_age` function checks if the provided age is a valid positive integer.
- if not, it raises the `invalidageerror`.

3. **using the custom exception**:
- we use a `try` block to attempt to set an invalid age.
- if an `invalidageerror` is raised, it is caught in the corresponding `except` block, and a message is printed.
- if a valid age is provided, it simply prints the age.

### conclusion

custom errors in python allow you to define application-specific exceptions, making your code more robust and easier to debug. by following ...

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