Pharynx Anatomy (Parts, Layers, Muscles)

Content:
0:00 Introduction
0:36 Parts of the Pharynx
1:53 Nasopharynx
7:19 Oropharynx
7:44 Laryngopharynx
8:36 Layers of Pharyngeal Wall
10:17 Muscles of the Pharynx

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Parts of the Pharynx:
- Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx
Layers of the Pharyngeal Wall
Muscles of the Pharynx

Pharynx:
- 12 to 15 cm long
- Nasopharynx (Pars Nasalis)
- Oropharynx (Pars Oralis)
- Laryngopharynx (Pars Laryngis)

Nasopharynx:
- Level of C1-C2
- Vault of Pharynx (Fornix Pharyngis)
- Attachment points of the pharynx: Pharyngeal Tubercle of the occipital bone (tuberculum pharyngeum), Petrooccipital Fissure (petrooccipital synchondrosis), Inferior Surface of Petrous Part (Temporal Bone), Medial Lamina of Pterygoid Process
- Choana (Internal Nose)
- Auditory Tube
- Pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube (Ostium Pharyngeum Tubae Auditiva)
- Cushion of the Auditory Canal (Torus Tubarius)
- Pharyngeal Recess (Recessus Pharyngeus)
- Pharyngeal Tonsils / Adenoids (Tonsilla pharyngealis)
- Tubal Tonsils (Tonsilla Tubaria)

Overview of Auditory Tube:
- Ear Structures: Outer Ear, Middle Ear (ossicles and tympanic membrane), Inner ear.
- Eustachian Tube connects the nasopharynx with the middle ear
- Function of auditory tube:
○ Equalizing the pressure
○ Draining the middle ear

Oropharynx:
- Level of C4-C4
- Bordered by Soft Palate and Epiglottis
- Connects with the Oral cavity through the Oropharyngeal Isthmus (Isthmus faucium)

Laryngopharynx:
- Level of C5-C6
- Continues into Larynx through Laryngeal Inlet (auditus laryngis)
- Piriform Fossa (Recessus Piriformis)

Layers of the Pharyngeal Wall:
- Tunica Mucosa
○ Lined by Respiratory Epithelium (Pseudostratified epithelium with cilia and goblet cells)
○ Lined by Stratified Squamous non keratinized epithelium
- Tela Submucosa
○ Contains Connective tissue with blood vessels and lymph vessels, and glands
- Tunica Muscularis
○ Has 2 muscle layers for peristalsis
○ Internal Circular muscle layer (Stratum Circulare)
○ Outer Longitudinal Muscle layer (Stratum longitudinale)
- Tunica Adventitia
○ Covers Pharynx from outside

External Pharyngeal Muscles:
- Pharyngeal Constrictors (Musculi Constrictores Pharyngis)
○ Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor
○ Medial Pharyngeal Constrictor
○ Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor
- Pharyngeal Elevators (Musculi Levatores Pharyngis)
○ Stylopharyngeus Muscle (Musculus Stylopharyngeum)
○ Palatopharyngeus Muscle (Musculus Palatopharyngeum)
○ Salpingopharyngeus Muscle (Musculus Salpingopharyngeus)

Sources used in this video:
- Memorix Anatomy 2nd Edition by Hudák Radovan (Author), Kachlík David (Author), Volný Ondřej (Author)
- Biorender
- University notes and lectures

[TaimTalksMed]

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[princetandukar]

I would give you the noble prize for teaching! You made it soo easy, visually fun to follow, and it was intuitive and concise, thank you so so much!! Liked and subscribed:)

[sadafaslam]

The anterior view of the parts of the pharynx was so helpful- thank you!

[fritac]

Thank you! Love the part about the ear, made so much sense

[amnabashir]

It'd mean alot if u can also mention innervations, lymphatics and vascular supply of organs alongside muscles

[Someone-iuoq]

Brief, precise, illustrative. Thanks a lot!

[MultiSamsoma]

Great video, thank you and keep up the great work 👍
Just minor corrections though, the pharynx has internal longitudinal muscles( stylopharyngeal and palatopharyngeal muscles) and external circular muscle ( the three constrictor muscles)
I also think it’s called middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle not medial.

[marishabelova]

I had to stop the video and write this
I LOVE YOU! U r the best !!! May god expand your knowledge more and more

[eliasschmid]

This video is really good, just learnt all the anatomy parts, and this video helps to connect everything and make a great overview, thanks mate

[onyekwuomaryjane]

Thank you so much for this video! It was easy to use while studying.

[naathaliae]

love your videos, they're so detailed and well explained. Great work !!

[elissafares]

That's so helpful, appreciate your work !! Thank you so much .

[junaidfaiz]

Great effort. Couldn't have been better!

[emmanuellaessilfie]

This is a really good video. Thank you so much

[madawi]

Thank you so much for sharing.. أنت بطل :)

[yigamicheal]

Thanks for the informative video. I, however, think that the inner muscles are longitudinally arranged and the outer ones are circular.

[-.]

Thank u. In just 13 minites. I understand a lot!!♥

[harryboii]

appreciated man, really helpful and easy to understand

[chakibbenhamouda]

Thanks alot, very clear yet in depth explanation.

[fud]

This is how to teach anatomy. Perfect video