SpaceX VS NASA, AI for Space Science, Black Hole Crushing Itself | Q&A 191

We're back from hiatus! In this week's Questions and Answers show, I talk about what will happen when the expansion of the Universe reaches the speed of light, how I feel about SLS delays, what's happening with James Webb, and more...

00:00 Start
00:41 What happens when the expansion of the Universe reaches the speed of light?
03:27 Thoughts on SLS delays?
05:38 What's new with JWST?
08:44 Will NASA stick with the Gateway?
11:44 Could we build an engine to catch particles in space?
14:35 Why is the private sector more efficient than government?
19:43 Will SpaceX have humans on Mars before Artemis gets to the Moon?
21:14 Can a black hole eat itself?
22:08 How can we know the age of the Universe?
24:51 Will politics break the space industry?
26:30 Should we explore other places than the Moon, Mars and Venus?
29:37 How is AI being used for space science?
31:53 Could returning astronauts be put into simulated Mars gravity?

Want to be part of the questions show? Ask a short question on any video on my channel. I gather a bunch up each week and answer them here.

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[naes]

What a great explanation on the Government v. Private methods of space exploration. Great work, my friend. Dave in Phoenix

[HebaruSan]

Question 1 was a chance to mention the Hubble constant; we have measured how "fast" (scare quotes because it's not really a speed) the expansion is: 68–74 km/s/Mpc, which simplifies to 2.2–2.4 × 10⁻¹⁸ Hz. And the range in that value of course leads into a discussion of the "crisis of cosmology, " since various current best estimates of this value seem to disagree.

[sierravortec]

Love these videos, I always miss the live event because my kids 3 hour bedtime routine so I look forward to these

[mariusdienel]

Hey Fraser, since SLS is a non reusable rocket does that mean that the other SLS II and SLD III are already being build or maybe even finished? In which timeframe do they build all those new rockets and where do they "store" them?

[frankyboy]

On the topic of "why is the private sector more effective" ... I recommend reading "the space shuttle decision" which goes into depth on all the different actors who pulled onto the program and ultimately made it the compromised money sink that it was. Private companies can simply be much more focused because they do not have to please (for example) governors from however-many states the US has and multiple federal agencies at once.

[a.forbes]

Thoughts on the Juno spacecraft making the closest flyby of Europa since Galileo on September 29th and why more people aren't talking about all the brand new data we'll be receiving from it?

[soaringstars]

Hey Fraser. Is a possible cause of the irregular orbits all pointing in one direction around Neptune and beyond caused by interstellar winds? I know the heliosphere is somewhere close there and I'm not dismissing the idea of planet 9, finding it would be amazing but just looking into the other possibilities. Also I have yet to see a map of both the heliosphere and the trans-neptunian objects together. Thanks

[MCsCreations]

Thanks, Fraser! 😊
But yeah, now I'm happy there's no bears on Mars! 😂
Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊

[bringer-of-change]

I had a dream so vivid I think I may have remote viewed a black hole. It said "become one" to me, with a seismic voice I can only compare to a powerful thunderous earthquake. I woke up in tears from that dream. I'll never forget it.

[DasWookie]

Fraser can you explain in the next Q&A how is that the plasmas in space can remain so hot / in a plasma state for so long? Even with it being so dispersed, it would seem that through the ages / millennia, that the plasma would at the very least be able to radiate away it's heat and cool back down to un-ionized hydrogen, helium, and other gasses and atoms.

[Yezpahr]

21:15 I think this question was leaning more to "can a black hole crush and explode itself".
And I think that's a clear no because its sphere of influence is omni-directional so it would equally crush itself everywhere leaving no asymmetry for exploding or "crushing" as it's already "flattened" by gravity.

[universemaps]

How exciting the next 10 years are going to be!

[extropian]

22:55 Well more precisely, as I understand, the CMB redshift is caused by the *expanding space* through which it travels -- _not_ its direction, or its speed through space (which was always _c_ ), or its speed relative to us over time.

[JesusMartinez-mkfc]

Fraser, nice to see that you sunburn is fading away. Best regards.

[seanreichle]

With regard to 'Black Hole Crushing Itself', I'd like to propose the mental model of Element 246, being the first black hole that attracts matter/energy in decay state levels, where Element 245 is a black hole but only does not allow light to escape, also known as the element of a Rats eye. From to 246, to 247, to 248, to 249, to 250 as a stable element, or a stable black hole. It's core would become element 250 before it's surface, but when it's surface becomes element 250, it's no longer attracting or consuming energy/matter.

[randomcontent]

Hello Fraser
Just an odd question: When we see stars galaxies millions and millions of light years aways and we see the light coming from them. Is there a chance the light has changed direction due to black hole or anything and where we see might be somehere else then we are looking at.

[Samaker]

Hey Dr Cain, what'll be the biggest challenge for getting people to Mars? Life-support for the journey, the journey away from Mars' surface or something else?

[boomconfetti]

Hello Fraser, my question is: why is it that if humans were to travel fast enough to reach a Lorentz factor of 600 plus. Why would the empty space transition from black to red and cycle thru the spectrum like a rainbow?

[artdonovandesign]

And the time it takes to process the infrared data and create a visual image from it must take an enormous amount of effort!

[sunny_ua]

Okay, but what is space? I mean, is space being created as it expands? Are new units of space popping into existence in between galaxies? Or if there's a set amount of space units, are they becoming less dense as space expands? What is space anyway?