Electromagnetic Induction question discussion | May/June 2021 questions | #IGCSE

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Q1 Fig. 7.1 represents an alternating current (a.c.) generator.
(a) A student rotates the handle H, as shown in Fig. 7.1.
(i) On Fig. 7.2, sketch a graph to show how the electromotive force (e.m.f.) between terminals X and Y varies with time during two complete revolutions of the coil.
(ii) On Fig. 7.2, mark and label a point P, for the e.m.f. when the coil is horizontal, as shown in Fig. 7.1. [1]
(iii) The student turns the handle more quickly.
State two ways in which the e.m.f. between terminals X and Y changes.
(b) Terminals X and Y are connected to the primary coil of a transformer.
State and explain what happens in the transformer as the student turns the handle of the a.c. generator.
(c) Explain why the power losses in transmission cables are lower when electrical energy is transmitted at higher voltages

Q2 (a) An X-ray machine requires a supply of 110kV. The mains electricity supply is 230V. A transformer is used to supply the correct voltage to the X-ray machine. There are 50 turns on the primary coil of the transformer.
Calculate the number of turns on the secondary coil.
(b) Draw a labelled diagram of a step-down transformer. On the labels, state a suitable material for each of the components.
(c) Explain how a transformer operates.

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