The Umayyads

The Umayyads were the first caliph dynasty that ruled the Islamic world between 661 and 750. During this period, whose capital was Damascus, the spread of Islam accelerated and a formation covering a wide geography was established. While Umayyad rule was known for Arab nationalism and administrative reforms, it “caused a lack of identity among non-Arab Muslims. They were overthrown and replaced by the Abbasids in 750.