Mortgage Prepayment Risk for Banks

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Changes in interest rates create problems for banks due to mismatches of fixed-rate and floating-rate instruments, as well as differences in time to maturity, rate-setting frequency, and indexes. But changes in interest rates also lead to prepayment risk.

Prepayment risk occurs when a borrower repays the principal sooner than required. Prepayment is a problem because the bank gets stuck re-lending the money at a less favorable interest rate.

Prepayments occur through:
• Curtailment (the borrower pays an additional principal amount along with their scheduled mortgage payment; this reduces the balance of the loan)
• Housing turnover (the borrower sells the property and pays off the loan)
• Refinancing (the borrower gets a new loan and pays off the first loan)

The most important factor affecting prepayment is the refinancing rate. However, prepayment is also affected by:
• Borrower characteristics (e.g., credit score)
• Geographic location
• Mortgage seasoning
• Seasonality
• The burnout effect

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Thank you. I'm a data science intern at a big mortgage servicer in the US and been spending 3 months trying to understand how this prepayment stuff works. This really helped!

julesdrums
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Sir you sessions are so great I did got help while appearing for CMA and CPA exam🤝

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