Python : Given a value, remove all the instances of that value in a given array

Video 49: The task involves removing a specific value from a given array. However, there are certain conditions to consider:

1. In-place Modification: The function should modify the original array without using additional memory space, achieving this by altering the array elements directly.
2. Efficient Space Utilization: The solution should aim to use minimal additional memory, ideally O(1) extra space.
3. Return New Length: The function needs to return the new length of the array after removing instances of the specified value.

To fulfill these conditions, three distinct approaches were explored:

1. Scan and Remove (Pop): This method involves iterating through the array and removing the matching elements by using the pop() function, effectively reducing the array length.
2. Replace with Last Element: Here, the array is traversed, and when an element matches the specified value, it's replaced with the last element of the array. This process continues, reducing the array length, and re-evaluating the replaced position.
3. Sliding Window Technique: This approach employs two pointers, a left and a right index, to navigate through the array. If a matching value is encountered, it's replaced with the last array element, and the right index is adjusted accordingly. Non-matching elements simply move the left index forward.

Each approach aims to meet the criteria of modifying the array in place, adhering to memory constraints, and determining the new length after removal. These strategies vary in their implementation but strive to achieve the same outcome efficiently and within the specified constraints.

For comprehensive Python code and supplementary sample data, please refer to the GitHub file provided below.

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