Classroom Aid - Quantum Chromodynamics - QCD

Music free version -
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In this segment, we cover the Higgs Boson starting with force fields and their particles.

First, we cover Quantum Electrodynamics - QED. We note that a disturbance in the electric field can create a particle – the photon. We show how the virtual photon mediates the electromagnetic force with virtual photons that are actually not particles. We also introduce coupling constants and Feynman Diagrams. We then extend this ‘force particle from a force field’ concept to include a matter particle from a matter field. In electromagnetic quantum field theory, this is the electron.

Next, we cover Quantum Chromo Dynamics – QCD. We show how the electromagnetic force is used as the model for the strong nuclear force that holds quarks together in protons and neutrons and holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus. We introduce color charge, gluons, virtual gluons, quark containment, and pion exchange between nucleons (the residual strong force). We also highlight the origin of mass for the proton. We then fill out the Standard Model of particle physics with the weak nuclear force and its force particles - the W and Z bosons. Using Beta Decay, we show how this force can change the actual particle in an interaction, not just accelerate it.

Next, we discuss spin oscillation as the origin of mass for elementary particles that lead to the Higgs Field and the Higgs Mechanism, and, as with all other fields, a disturbance in the Higgs Filed should create a particle – the Higgs boson. We show how the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN works and how the Higgs particle was discovered.

We’ll conclude with a brief look at what the standard model doesn’t cover (like gravity) and some of the theories in development that may very well take physics to the next level (like Super Symmetry). We end with a description of Planck’s Length (the shortest distance that can exist) and its implications for the next generation of physicists

Music:

@00:00 Albinoni - Concerto for Oboe and Strings No 2 II: Frank Berger, Hans-Dieter Weber; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

@06:59 Rachmaninoff - Symphony No. 2 Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; Emil Tabakov; from the album “Sergei Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 2 in E Minor, Op. 27” 2011

@23:02 Ravel – Boléro: The London Symphony Orchestra; from the album “Classical Masterminds - Ravel” 2007

@33:22 Vaughan Williams - The Lark Ascending: Hugh Bean; New Philharmonia Orchestra; Sir Adrian Boult; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010

@37:43 Brahms - Violin Concerto, Op 77 II Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra, Vesselin Eshkenasi; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpiece” 2013

Music
@00:00 Stravinsky - The Firebird - from the album “The Firebird Suite” 2010

@01:13 Beethoven - Symphony No 6 (Shepherds Hymn) - Philadelphia Orchestra; Riccardo Muti; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010

@05:5 Mozart - Divertimento No 10 - Franz Liszt Chamber Orchestra – from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

@19:18 Rossini - William Tell Overture - London Philharmonia Orchestra and Alfred Scholz; from the album “The London Philharmonic Collection: Light Classics” 2009

@36:18 Haydn - Piano Concerto No 4 - Nicolai Evrov, Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

[AthosRac]

Big thanks for all the knowledge shared here.

[SpotterVideo]

Quantum Entangled Twisted Tubules:

When we draw a sine wave on a blackboard, we are representing spatial curvature. Does a photon transfer spatial curvature from one location to another? Wrap a piece of wire around a pencil and it can produce a 3D coil of wire, much like a spring. When viewed from the side it can look like a two-dimensional sine wave. You could coil the wire with either a right-hand twist, or with a left-hand twist. Could Planck's Constant be proportional to the twist cycles. A photon with a higher frequency has more energy. (More spatial curvature). What if gluons are actually made up of these twisted tubes which become entangled with other tubes to produce quarks. (In the same way twisted electrical extension cords can become entangled.) Therefore, the gluons are actually a part of the quarks. Mesons are made up of two entangled tubes (Quarks/Gluons), while protons and neutrons would be made up of three entangled tubes. (Quarks/Gluons) The "Color Force" would be related to the XYZ coordinates (orientation) of entanglement. "Asymptotic Freedom", and "flux tubes" make sense based on this concept. Neutrinos would be made up of a twisted torus (like a twisted donut) within this model. Gravity is a result of a very small curvature imbalance within atoms. (This is why the force of gravity is so small.) Instead of attempting to explain matter as "particles", this concept attempts to explain matter more in the manner of our current understanding of the space-time curvature of gravity. If an electron has qualities of both a particle and a wave, it cannot be either one. It must be something else. Therefore, a "particle" is actually a structure which stores spatial curvature. Can an electron-positron pair (which are made up of opposite directions of twist) annihilate each other by unwinding into each other producing Gamma Ray photons.

Alpha decay occurs when the two protons and two neutrons (which are bound together by entangled tubes), become un-entangled from the rest of the nucleons.

Beta decay occurs when the tube of a down quark/gluon in a neutron becomes overtwisted and breaks producing a twisted torus (neutrino) and an up quark, and the ejected electron. The phenomenon of Supercoiling involving twist and writhe cycles may reveal how overtwisted quarks can produce these new particles.

Gamma photons are produced when a tube unwinds producing electromagnetic waves.

[das_it_mane]

Hi David, with your visual intuition and knowledge of QFT, do you think particles actually exist or is everything essentially a wave?

[markmd]

I don't mean to hurt someone feelings but I think quarks can happily stay near each other without the need of colors.
I'm afraid all this chromodynamics was in vain.
Association with electrons is not convincing because they are not electrons.