Selenium WebDriver Tutorial #13 - What is Relative Locator in Selenium

In this Selenium Webdriver Tutorial we will learn about Relative locator in Selenium Webdriver.

Selenium 4 introduced Relative Locators which were previously called as Friendly Locators. Relative locator help to locate elements that are nearby to other elements.

The Available Relative Locators are as follows:

✅ above
✅ below
✅ toLeftOf
✅ toRightOf
✅ near

In Selenium 4, findElement method accepts a new method withTagName() which returns a RelativeLocator.

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[rotrose]

Everything you explains and demos in the channel is crystal clear and easy to understand.
This helps me a lot. Thank you for sharing these invaluable testing skills to us.

[janskadanowski]

it is really helpfull that You explain everything with documentation because now reletive locators works in other way.
For everyone who have problem it should look like this:
WebElement userName =
userName.sendKeys("xyz");
By password =

[gsabhilash]

I am new to Selenium and Java. Thanks for your wonderful tutorial. Well explained and easy to follow. Thanks a lot Manish👍😊

[andergarcia]

Master blessings to you and everyone here, i just wanted to comment that by the time i'm watching the video, the sintax changes a little and it would look more or less like this:
"WebElement password =
By userName =
sendKeys("Testing");"
anyway everything is in the documentation but it is not superflous jejejeje
Thank you very much Master.

[felipeluz]

Your channel definetly should have more subscribers

[rishabhpal]

Great course so far. Very well explained. Thanks for your hard work.

[manoj_mafiosi]

Selenium WebDriver Tutorial #13 - Relative Locators in Selenium 4 - Notes

1. Introduction:
- Selenium 4 introduces relative locators (previously known as friendly locators) to help locate nearby elements.
- Previous tutorials covered basic element locator strategies and advanced selection using XPath and CSS selectors.

2. Relative Locator Methods:
- Relative locators have several methods: `above`, `below`, `toLeftOf`, `toRightOf`, and `near`.
- These methods find elements based on their position relative to other elements on the page.

3. Adding Selenium 4 Dependency:
- To use relative locators, add Selenium 4 dependency to the project (e.g., in Maven's `pom.xml`).
- For demonstration purposes, use version 4.0.0-alpha-5 (alpha phase).

4. Exploring Relative Locator Methods:
- `above`: Returns the element appearing above the specified element.
- `below`: Returns the element below the specified element.
- `toLeftOf`: Returns the element to the left of the specified element.
- `toRightOf`: Returns the element to the right of the specified element.
- `near`: Returns the element approximately 50 pixels away from the specified element.

5. Using Relative Locator Methods:
- Import the `RelativeLocator` class.
- Locate the reference element for finding nearby elements.
- Use the appropriate method to locate the desired element.
- Example: Use to find an element above the reference element. (older syntax)
- Latest syntax -
WebElement password =
By usernameLocator =

6. Ensuring Reference Element Locatability:
- Ensure unique attributes to locate the reference element.
- Alternatively, use other locators like ID or class name to find the reference element.

JavaScript Function `getBoundingClientRect`:
- Relative locators use `getBoundingClientRect` JavaScript function for calculations.
- Refer to Selenium documentation for further details on this function.

Conclusion:
- Relative locators in Selenium 4 are a valuable addition to WebDriver.
- They allow efficient location of nearby elements.
- Thank you for watching this tutorial on relative locators in Selenium WebDriver.

[thiagolopessilva]

Hi, your tutorials are amazing. Thanks for share them with us 🙏

[SubbuTube]

Well elaborated courses. Even in paid online classes you wont find such details.

[zahidukalayev]

Thank you for tutorial. And you explained very simple and direct way. It will be very great helpfull for us if you can make tutorial how to create Java +Selenium +Maven + Junit + Cucumber or this kind of 3 part tools Framework. Maybe already you have it I just starting investigate your webpage. Thank you for all lessons.

[aishwaryathakur]

Hi in the latest relative locators update this has been discarded, can you please come up with updated video for this. Your videos are really helpful. Thanks

[kajaldave]

Hi, your tutorials are very helpful. Thanks.
Could you please provide a reliable demo website/link with a chatbox functionality?

[cyrinegassouma]

Thanks for the videos, so interesting. What's the equivalent of the relative locators in RobotFramework. I need to get a child of an element but couldn't. Help pelase

[navamysumethan]

Hi well oriented session, hats off to you sir 😍👍.
When I used the withTagName method, getting error- undefined method.
Also shows error in the import for that .
Plz give me a solution sir

[rupalicharpe]

withTagName mai error aarha import bhi kiya hai firbhi

[NRNov]

Getting NullPointerException.
Can you please help me out to rectify this issue Sir?

[ajaymandadi]

The below line of code for 'Relative Locators' works (you don't have to use/import WebElement), provided you have added the Selenium-java 4.9 dependency in pom file

[ajaykumar-gzdf]

Hi Sir,

I am using 4.15 selenium dependency, .
I am trying to send text msg to username but I am getting error in "send keys", please look into it. please correct the code.

code::
WebElement password =
By usernameLocator

Error:::
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.Error: Unresolved compilation problem:
The method sendKeys(String) is undefined for the type RelativeLocator.RelativeBy

at

[md.rifatulhaque]

Getting error "withTagName"


Please help !!!

[veganforlife]

This didn't work for me in selenium 4.15.0, the following worked though!

WebElement password =