A Brief History of London Underground | London Underground Milestones

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A Brief History of London Underground | London Underground Milestones

1843 - Constructed by Sir Marc Brunel and his son Isambard, the Thames Tunnel opens

1863 - On 10 January, The Metropolitan Railway opens the world's first underground railway, between Paddington (then called Bishop's Road) and Farringdon Street

1868 - The first section of the Metropolitan District Railway, from South Kensington to Westminster (now part of the District and Circle lines), opens

1869 - The first steam trains travel through the Brunels' Thames Tunnel

1880 - Running from the Tower of London to Bermondsey, the first Tube tunnel opens

1884 - The Circle line is completed

1890 - On 18 December, The City and South London Railway opens the world's first deep-level electric railway. It runs from King William Street in the City of London, under the River Thames, to Stockwell

1900 -The Prince of Wales opens the Central London Railway from Shepherd's Bush to Bank (the 'Twopenny Tube'). This is now part of the Central line

1902 - The Underground Electric Railway Company of London (known as the Underground Group) is formed. By the start of WWI, mergers had brought all lines - except the Metropolitan line

1905 - District and Circle lines become electrified

1906 - Baker Street & Waterloo Railway (now part of the Bakerloo line) opens and runs from Baker Street to Kennington Road (now Lambeth North). Great Northern, Piccadilly & Brompton Railway (now part of the Piccadilly line) opens between Hammersmith and Finsbury Park

1907 - Charing Cross, Euston & Hampstead Railway (now part of the Northern line) opens and runs from Charing Cross to Golders Green and Highgate (now Archway). Albert Stanley (later Lord Ashfield) is appointed General Manager of the Underground Electric Railway Company of London Limited

1908 - The name 'Underground' makes its first appearance in stations, and the first electric ticket-issuing machine is introduced. This year also sees the first appearance of the famous roundel symbol

1911 - London's first escalators are installed at Earl's Court station

1929 - The last manually-operated doors on Tube trains are replaced by air-operated doors

1933 - The Underground Group and the Metropolitan Railway become part of the London Passenger Transport Board, taking control of all the Capital's railway, bus, tram, trolleybus and coach services
Harry Beck presents the first diagram of the Underground map

1940 - Between September 1940 and May 1945, most Tube station platforms are used as air raid shelters. Some, like the Piccadilly line, Holborn - Aldwych branch, are closed to store British Museum treasures

1948 - The London Passenger Transport Board was nationalised and now becomes the London Transport Executive

1952 - The first aluminium train enters service on the District line

1961 - Sees the end of the steam and electric locomotive haulage of London Transport passenger trains

1963 - The London Transport Executive becomes the London Transport Board, reporting directly to the Minister of Transport

1969 - The Queen opens the Victoria line

1970 - The London Transport Executive takes over the Underground and the Greater London area bus network, reporting to Greater London Council

1971 - The last steam shunting and freight locomotive is withdrawn from service
The Victoria line extends to Brixton

1975 - A fatal accident on the Northern line at Moorgate kills 43 people. New safety measures were introduced