Android Architecture Explained in Detail

In this video, we discuss all the layers of the Android Operating System including Stock Apps, Android Framework, Android Runtime, Native C, C++ Libraries, HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer), Linux Kernal.

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Android Mobile OS Development
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Android Automotive Development
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Android Deep Analysis - Startup and Window Management
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[mkr]

Awesome content regarding development..

[DinkyDoughnut]

Thank You that was really well Explained.!

[wolpumba]

*Summary*

Here's a breakdown of the 5 layers in Android Architecture, from top to bottom:

*1. Application Layer (starts **0:14**):*

* Houses both pre-installed system apps and user-downloaded applications.
* These apps directly interact with users.
* Typically developed in Java or Kotlin.

*2. Application Framework Layer (Java API Framework) (starts **1:53**):*

* Provides developers with the necessary APIs for app development.
* Written primarily in Java, with some components in Kotlin.
* *Key Components (starts **2:20**):*
* *Activity Manager:* Manages the lifecycle of apps and their activities/fragments.
* *Location Manager:* Provides location and positioning services.
* *Package Manager:* Handles installation, uninstallation, and permissions of apps.
* *Notification Manager:* Allows apps to display custom notifications in the status bar.
* *Resource Manager:* Provides access to non-code resources (strings, images, layouts, etc.).
* *Telephony Manager:* Manages mobile device functions (SIM, network, etc.).
* *Window Manager:* Controls all open windows (each activity uses a window).
* *Content Providers:* Enable data sharing between applications.
* *View System:* Responsible for building and rendering UI components.

*3. System Runtime Layer (starts **5:04**):*

* *Two Main Parts:*
* *C/C++ Libraries (starts **5:04**):* Provide services to various system components, accessible through the Application Framework. Examples include OpenGL ES, Libc, Media Framework, SQLite, SGL, SSL, FreeType.
* *Android Runtime (ART) (starts **7:12**):* Executes apps by converting bytecode to machine code. Offers performance advantages over the older Dalvik Virtual Machine by pre-compiling code upon app installation.

*4. Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) (starts **9:28**):*

* Acts as an interface between the operating system kernel and the device hardware.
* Abstracts hardware details to protect manufacturer intellectual property and provide platform independence.
* Enables parallel software and hardware testing.

*5. Linux Kernel Layer (starts **10:21**):*

* Forms the foundation of the Android operating system.
* Handles core system services like security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model.
* Includes Android-specific drivers for hardware components (audio, display, Bluetooth, etc.).

i used gemini 1.5 pro to summarize transcript