How to Zip Files with Specific Extensions Using Python

Learn how to efficiently zip files with specific extensions in Python while using the zipfile library. Follow this structured guide for best practices and improved code examples.
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How to Zip Files with Specific Extensions Using Python

Zipping files is a common task in software development, especially when you need to store or transfer multiple files efficiently. If you're working with Python and the zipfile library, you may encounter challenges along the way. For instance, if your zip operation only seems to work for a single file, you're not alone. In this guide, we will tackle the issue of zipping files that have specific extensions, such as .npy and .csv, and provide you with a structured solution.

The Problem

In our scenario, the user wanted to zip all files within a certain directory structure that end in .npy or .csv. However, they faced issues where only one file was added to the zip, and no zip file was ultimately created. The culprit? Incorrect use of the zipfile library and a misunderstanding of how to work with directories and file paths in Python.

Understanding the Solution

Here are the main steps and tips to successfully zip files based on specific extensions using Python:

1. Use the Correct Zip Mode

The zipfile.ZipFile method has a parameter where you can specify the mode for opening the zip file. Conventionally, you might use:

'w' for write mode (overwrites existing files)

'a' for append mode

To ensure that multiple files are added correctly, you'll want to limit the opening of the zip file.

2. Refactor Your Loop Logic

Instead of opening and closing the zip file multiple times (which can overwrite previously added files), you should open it once after collecting all the files you want to zip.

3. Use a Recursive Function

Using a recursive function to find directories or specific files makes your code cleaner and ensures it adapts to changing folder structures.

Implementation

Here's a refactored example of your original code, which follows the above guidelines:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Key Points

Use Append Mode: If you need to keep adding files to an existing zip, use append mode ('a').

Avoid Nested Loops for Finding Directories: A recursive function like find_folder helps to maintain a clear structure.

Conclusion

With these adjustments, you should have a robust solution that successfully zips files based on their extensions. By using a recursive function, adapting your zip logic, and managing file paths correctly, your code can be both efficient and adaptable to changes. Happy coding!