How the Sun produces Energy and Light | What happens inside the Sun?

What is happening inside our sun? How does the Sun keeps emitting, light and energy everyday. Does this questions, comes to your mind, while you sleep at night? Well don't worry, I'm going to explain, what happens inside our sun, in simple words. The Sun is the star, at the centre of the solar system. The Sun is the largest object, in our solar system, it has about 99.8% of the solar system mass. The Sun is about 5 billion years old, and it will continue to shine, as it does now, for about another 5 billion years. Don't worry, the sun will not stop releasing light and energy, in the near future. Sun is a white star, about 1.4 million kilometres in diameter. The Sun appears to be yellow, due to the earth's atmosphere. When we look inside the Sun, it contains 91% of hydrogen, and 8.9% of helium atoms. Inside the Sun, the hydrogen atom, is converted into, helium atom by nuclear fusion. During Nuclear Fusion, the energy and light are released from the Sun. Now what is Nuclear Fusion? Alright guys, don't panic, I'm here to explain.

But first, you need to understand, what is an Atom. An Atom is a smallest unit of matter. And it is the basic building block of chemistry. Now you are seeing an Oxygen atom. The centre part of an Atom, is called Nucleus. Nucleus contains protons and neutrons, and they are attracted to eachother, by strong nuclear force. Oxygen atom has 8 neutrons, and 8 protons, and 8 electrons. And the electrons revolves around the nucleus. The electron contains negative charge, proton contains positive charge, and neutron has no charge.
Alright, so now you know, what an Atom is. So let's understand, about the Nuclear Fusion, inside the SUN, Nuclear Fusion is a reaction in which, two or more light nuclei, merge together, to form a single heavier nucleus. This process releases Energy, because, the total mass, of the resulting single nucleus, is less than, the mass of two original nuclei. And the leftover mass becomes Energy. Alright I know you didn't understood this part. Okay just imagine, this two nucleus has 10 and 10 masses. So the total mass, of two nucleus is 20. The nucleus formed after nuclear fusion, has only 10 mass, and this nucleus mass, is less than the original two nuclei. So the remaining 10 mass, is converted into energy. Alright so, this is how energy is produced by Nuclear Fusion. Now if you understood this part, then you are good to go, to the next interesting part.

Now you are in the final part, here you will see, how hydrogen atom, is converted into, helium atom, by Nuclear Fusion inside the Sun. It requires, an extreme amount of heat and pressure, inorder to merge, the nucleus together. The Sun has 99.8%, of solar mass, because of this, the gravitational force, is high inside the sun, and this creates, extreme pressure inside the sun, and the sun's core, becomes extremely hot. And now, due to extreme heat and pressure, the hydrogen nucleus, comes close to eachother. But the hydrogen atom, has a single proton. And two protons, cannot attract eachother, because both protons, have same charge, that is, same positive charge. But at a rare occasion, the two hydrogen nucleus, comes close to eachother, and one of the proton, change into a neutron. This is happened by, BETA Decay process. I'm not going to explain, about BETA Decay in detail. Let's continue the part. So now, there is one proton, and one neutron, and they both attract eachother, and form Deuterium. During this attraction, it releases neutrino and positron. And it also release Energy. Neutrino and positron, are subatomic particles. This newly formed Deuterium, is an isotope of hydrogen. So now, we have deuterium, and this deuterium, merges with the nucleus, of hydrogen atom, and forms Tritium. Gamma rays, is released, in this process, and energy is also released here. Tritium is also, an isotope of hydrogen.

Now, this newly formed Tritium, waits for another Deuterium Atom. Now, when the another Deuterium Atom comes, they both merges together, and forms, Helium atom. And the Energy, is released here. And it also release protons too. So this is how the hydrogen atom, is converted into helium atom, by nuclear fusion. And this is how, the energy and light, is produced by the Sun, and this process, will happen for another 5 billion years. So I guess, you all have understood, what exactly happens, inside our sun, and how the sun produces energy and light. If you are still watching this video, then please give a like. And don't forget to subscribe, to my channel. Because when you subscribe to my channel, you are giving me Energy, to make more videos. Alright, I'm so tired right now, I am going to sleep. Good night, and sweet dreams. Bye bye.

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Passing Time - Kevin MacLeod