How to run Linux commands in parallel

Here we perform linux commands in parallel. I show examples of running parallel commands for every line in a file and for multiple files. Parallel is necessary to speed up many bioinformatics workflows.

Edit: when appending to a file in parallel (very last example) it is best practice to move the carrots and output file outside the quotations.

[ykoy]

Your older videos are also very helpful. Thank you for everything

[oletange]

The very last example has a small but crucial mistake: The >> needs to be outside the ' s. Otherwise the appending may happen in parallel and thus racing conditions may occur. It is more visible if the command is 'echo {}-start; sleep 0.$RANDOM; echo {}-end'