Aristotle, The Categories | Univocal, Equivocal, and Derivative Terms | Philosophy Core Concepts

This video focuses on Aristotle's work, the Categories, and examines his distinction in chapter 1 between three types of terms - Univocal (sunonuma), Equivocal (homonuma), and Derivative (paronuma). This distinction concerns the connection between linguistic expressions and meanings. Univocal terms have the same meaning, or in Aristotle's terms, "statement of essence" (logos tes ousias). Equivocal terms have the same name or expression, but different statements of essence. Derivative terms are grammatically related to each other, and have connected meanings.

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[leopoldmedley]

Cannot thank you enough for making this free and available to the public. Will be a key resource in many philosophical journeys until the sun goes out.

[GeorgeAAspros]

Glad I found this. My grandfather was a refugee from Smyrni & he raised me on Socrates, Plato, & Aristotle. The virtues were always presented in different ways & this certainly helps me reframe my perspectives & understanding as an adult. Very cool 🤙🏽

Proton : Neutron : Electron
Univocal : Equivocal : Derivative

[emil]

Thank you for the time and effort to explain these core concepts, Prof. Sadler. I am fascinated with Philosophy but have never had a methodical ordered studying but like a jackdaw picking up whatever interests me and just diving into it. You explain fluently and passionately the topics.

[yarasaid]

Thanks a lot! As a philosophy student videos like these greatly enhance my understanding because sometimes only one version of explanation from my professor is not enough to get a really in depth understanding of the text. You explain the concepts really well.

[jeremykuhn]

This was so helpful. Thank you for taking the time to make this.

[reyyeah]

Thanks for helping me to understand better the categories book, greetings from Mexico.

[czgiomn]

the word τό ζώον (animal) also means means "figure" or "image" in Attic Greek. It is equivocal because a painting of an inanimate object, such as a chair, can still be τό ζώον.

[eliasvargas]

I'm very thankful for these lectures, I pray Christ would transform your heart & bring you to the power of the gospel.

[Noone-gsrl]

That little humming at the end of the discussion was adorable Sir! 😅😂❤ Anyway, thank you for sharing this video with us who needs more clarification about this topic. Really helped me a lot! God Bless!

[robertlotzer]

I know these lectures are old but could you do lectures on the rest of the Organon? That would be phenomenal! 😊

[JoshV]

Seal is a good example of equivocal, the essence of the animal is much different than the essence of an o-ring or the essence of a "seal" of approval. A human and an ox both being types of animals makes sense as univocal, I like how Dr Sadler turned Ox as describing a burly person into a derivative. Seems simple at first glance but important, if people aren't using the same terminology when having discourse the result is confusion at best and potentially damaging at worst. I wonder if wars have ever been started over a confusion of terms.

[emmanuelescalante]

thank you sir, ofw from saudi here... free lesson for the poor like me. 😁 😁 😁 thanks a lot sir.

[jbvibrations]

Wittgenstein <3 Thanks for the presentation and for the Greek words, too. Noun numa name wowza ! Noumen etc love it

[kylleekate]

thank you so much for that clear explanation, sir!

[keill]

Great! I've been waiting for the Categories. Would be cool if you could sometimes comment on significant interpretations by mediaeval scholastics too.

[christopherepperson]

Figures on a day like this, thank you Gregory.

[postyoblair]

thanks alot for these talks, just working my way through them. I'm learning Greek at the moment (along with latin) and I can't seem to find a Greek version of this work by Aristotle. Is there anywhere you can recommend? a bilingual one would be perfect. even a website with it on, just so i can note the greek terms used. thanks again for all the great work.

[JoeF]

he inherited this from Socrates' practice of defining terms before a debate, correct?

[danielcox]

Dr. Sadler, would you say that the derivative category for Aristotle is the same as the analogical category used by Thomas Aquinas? Great video, thanks for posting!

[DrThara-wyzk]

Can a 'star' and 'superstar' be an example of Derivative? 🤔