Animals: Tour of 9 Phyla

Join the Amoeba Sisters in exploring some general animal characteristics, major vocabulary used in classifying animals (such as symmetry, protostome vs deuterostome, cephalization, and coelom), and take a general tour of 9 major animal phyla. Of the phyla mentioned, 8 of them consist completely of invertebrate animals. While each phylum discussion will be brief, we encourage you to explore more in this video description! And remember - there are plenty of fascinating animal exceptions.

Table of Contents:
00:00 Intro
1:11 What Is An Animal?
1:57 Symmetry
2:33 Cephalization
2:57 Protostomes vs Deuterostomes
3:52 Triploblastic Animals
4:20 Coelom
4:50 Start of Phylum Tour
4:55 Porifera
5:28 Cnidaria
6:03 Platyhelminthes
6:34 Nematoda
7:32 Mollusca
8:04 Annelida
8:32 Arthropoda
9:09 Echinodermata
10:00 Invertebrate vs Vertebrate Animals
10:30 Chordata
11:45 More to Explore

---------------
FACTUAL REFERENCES:

Hickman, Cleveland P, et al. Integrated Principles of Zoology. New York, Ny, Mcgraw-Hill Education, 2020.

Urry, Lisa A, et al. Campbell Biology. 11th ed., New York, Ny, Pearson Education, Inc, 2017.

------------------
FURTHER READING SUGGESTIONS:
1. We mention that the larvae of echinoderms (like the sea star) have bilateral symmetry while generally most echinoderm adults have radial symmetry. It's a fascinating phylum. Learn more about this what is meant by "secondary radial symmetry" :

Learn more about their bilateral ancestry and how this impacts the classification of the phylum:

-----------------------------------------------

Connect with us!

TIPS FOR VIEWING EDU YOUTUBE VIDEOS:

MUSIC:
Our intro music designed and performed by Jeremiah Cheshire.
End music in this video is listed free to use/no attribution required from the YouTube audio library.

TRANSLATIONS:
Thank you so much to those that translate our subtitles!
German subtitles translated by Laura Bilinson.

[AmoebaSisters]

A correction we fixed (thank you so much for the comment!) at 10:42 - we needed to place our *lancelet* and *NOT the lamprey* . While the vertebrate in the lamprey are reduced or absent (cartilaginous) - it's still classified as a primitive vertebrate animal so it's not an example of an invertebrate animal in Chordata. Lancelet would be an invertebrate example in Chordata. We also have a clarification at 2:41: we don't mean to imply that the directional word anterior is defined as animal's head. Tissue is focused in the anterior part of animal, forming a head area. *Expand comment for table of contents*

This video introduces some pretty advanced vocab including cephalization, coelom, protostome, deuterostome, & more! If you want to skip ahead to the animal phyla, you'll find the vid has chapters or view timestamps below! :)
00:00 Intro
1:11 What Is An Animal?
1:57 Symmetry
2:33 Cephalization
2:57 Protostomes vs Deuterostomes
3:52 Triploblastic Animals
4:20 Coelom
4:50 Start of Phylum Tour
4:55 Porifera
5:28 Cnidaria
6:03 Platyhelminthes
6:34 Nematoda
7:32 Mollusca
8:04 Annelida
8:32 Arthropoda
9:09 Echinodermata
10:30 Chordata
11:45 More to Explore

[ΔημήτριοςΝικόλαοςΣίμογλου]

I thought you were gona stop at the high school level of biology. Apparently you are going to cover ALL OF THE BIOLOGY at some point and I am really glad for that. I am a pharmacy student in Greece and this was the 1st video that I had 0 clues going in, I learnt a lot. Thank you! Also great Video, really liked it.

[faxofficial]

The Amoeba Sisters are one of the only teachers that have made me laugh during a lesson. Pinky, your narration is so simple and enthusiastic, you perfectly simplify the topic while keeping me engaged and your occasional jokes make me chuckle. Petunia, your drawings are so adorably and iconically cartoony. They're pleasing to look at and do a great job of representing what is being told. Your visual gags also bring a smile to my face and a laugh out of my mouth. You two work so well together to make science fun, engaging, and helpful. Please never stop making videos, you've been a huge lifesaver to so many of us! Keep up the great work!

[smarthereafter]

I still remember that trick "apples in the tree and cars in the garage." I can't explain how much you guys help me even after graduation while preparing for competitive exams..

Thanks from India ❤

[areeshakousar]

you teach so well, you're about to be the reason why i pass my zoology exam, thank you so

[ontariom]

Love this channel! Teacher played many of your videos in class!

[panpilakanasak]

Can we just stop to appreciate the amoeba sisters 🎉🎉🎉🎉🎉 😊😊😊😊😊😊

[BenKIKON]

I always used to skip this part during class. After watching this clip, I change my mind 🗿💗

[qomm]

I’m incredibly glad that this video came out when it did. We are completing a project in Biology, and it just so happens that the portion that I was completing today is about this topic! Thank you!

[bee]

yall are a biology teacher favorite channel, we always watch your videos at my class!!

[Ela_elmaseeh_noranem]

Really needed it for my zoology exam 🔬📒
Appreciate it❤

[jyothin]

Thankyou soo much. Really helped my examination.

[w]

I am a university student and I find this very helpful especially the alphabetical mnemonics for the protostome, thank you!

[Ria-uu]

I don't normally comment, but I have to give ya'll flowers💐💐ya'll make biology extra fun, making a teenager want to extract more knowledge. Your videos are so esthetic and I whatch all of them till end without skipping (well, it's less usual for me to finish a video) I've said too much 🫠ya'll rock!!

[cloudycandy]

Thankyou so much!! Currently reviewing the lessons covered this semester for an upcoming exam...

[scarlettbittle]

AHH YOU LITERALLY POSTED THIS RIGHT AFTER MY TEST ON THISSSS but then again i loved this subject so I will watch this vid anyways! Wish me luck on finals!

To other students (of any age/grade level): Great job studying! Keep it up! You can do it!!!!

[mohamedaariz]

what a joy this video was and extremely interesting it was thanks a bunch dear amoeba sisters!!!!

[adetermineddreamer]

Thank you soo much for this highly venerated delicate work, yet can you pls create a video for gamete formation in the plant and the saprophyte and the gamerophyte generations

[BradenBest]

Thank you so much for this video, this was the one thing I was struggling with in my bio class and I finally understand all of it!!!

[humerxa]

THANK YOU SOSOO MUCH FOR THIS! I really needed it