Intro to Chroma: From RGB to Component Video

How does Luma relate to Chroma? How does RGB relate to Y'PbPr? How do B'-Y' and R'-Y' form PbPr?

Previous videos in this series -



Music:

#chroma #video #analog

[thecygnusserket]

This is by FAR the best explanation I’ve ever seen for YPbPr. Your videos are always excellent. Keep up the good work!

[GameSack]

Thanks for this visual representation on how component video works. 15 or so years ago I discovered that "Green is not transmitted, the TV figured out what is green on its own" and I was blown away. I was also puzzled as to "why?" Why go through all of this craziness? My thoughts were that they could just send real RGB with sync combined somehow, using the same amount of cables. In the end it doesn't matter much as component video is pretty much indistinguishable to the eyeball. My brain, however, does not enjoy the fact that something is missing, or that some colors get less resolution than the others. Yes, my brain hates the Bayer pattern as well.

[SLRModShop]

I wish you were already around when I started to learn about video signals. It took me ages to understand most of it, YPbPr is especially hard to grasp at first.

[MaxLebled]

15:25 is exactly why you sometimes see reds turn a bit orange-ish in online video. It's all rec 601 vs 709 mixups.

[benjaminbrady]

Oh boy, I can't wait to see what standard was used for multiplexing the Y', Pb, and Pr channels!

[LouisZezeran]

Your videos are tremendous and I am really glad your picking up the subs and recognition you deserve

[antivanti]

Interestingly enough our eyes detect RGB via the cones but our brains actually represent and process vision very similar to component. We perceive the brightness, the red-green scale, and the blue-yellow scale.
That is why we can imagine a redish-blue (magenta which is entirely abstract btw) and a blueish-green (cyan) but not a redish-green or a blueish-yellow

[TukaihaHithlec]

0:05 To clarify, the primary subtractive colours are magenta, cyan, and yellow. Magenta and cyan is blue, magenta and yellow is red, and cyan and yellow is green. The additive and subtractive primary colours are opposite each other and are each other’s secondary colours, so the same colours can’t be both’s primaries. This has been known for hundreds of years, but is taught incorrectly all the time, and is not considered important enough to correct. Red, blue, and yellow will not cover most of the spectrum, and if they do it’s because they were mislabeled magenta, cyan, and yellow.

[ldalipis]

amazing explanation and great animations!

[aqualung]

Awww, over too soon! I was looking forward to you talking about how color in composite video is done by phase-shifting! :)

[vidlink]

Your videos may be sparse between release but always very informative and of quality.

[sickregret]

Best explanation on youtube! Thank you!!!

[ShopperPlug]

This channel and content is by far the best on the internet in explaining analog and digital signal for CRT/Tube TVs. I never understood how these digital RGB signals work until now. I hope theres a video which explains about how the composite signal for analog RGB are represented using your explanation with the oscilloscope Thanks.

[bpcgos]

Love your video, you are able to explain almost every weird technical aspect good that made me more in tune with what you are talking about ...

[rickthorp]

Fantastic video!! It was very entertaining and informative!! Cant wait for the next installation 😁

[jr]

I'm not overly technical but I still enjoy these videos and your explanation is great, first one since I subbed so it's a good Friday lol. Love the channel already, man!

[jonathansims]

These videos are great! I will happily watch any video tech uploads you make in the future!

[davidcmoffatt]

Thanks. Very high signal to noise ratio in this explanation. Also easy to follow. I never had to back up and rewatch any portion.

[what-uc]

A great serious of videos on video signals. I knew most of it, but you made it so clear and I learnt a few more things.

[slightlytwistedagain]

This is an amazing video. As someone who has written their own music and has done their own sound design with FM synthesis, the combination of RGB pretty much act the same as Sine/Square/Saw/Triangle. Even more fascinating is the comparison to creating more varied colours and sounds through tighter frequencies. For example, there's a very popular sound string in dance music called the Hypersaw, or Supersaw. If you overlay loads of Saw Waves and then detune them slightly from one another, you create what is known as a "phat" sound, the type you hear in tunes like Rank 1 - Airwave. Colours on TV and consoles operate in a similar fashion as they are basically detuned colour waves, that are then frequency modulated (FM) with other colour waves. The depth of the detuning depends if the technology can do that, otherwise known as the bitrate. Like sound, there's a limit to what the human body can pick up, so 32bit colour is the maximum limit for the human eye, much like 20hz to 22khz is the maximum range for human hearing.