History of the Germanic Saxons and the Invasion of Roman Britannia | #migrationperiode #saxons

The Saxons, along with the Angles and Jutes, were the groups who migrated to the British Isles in the 5th century in the same time of the visigoths in the balkan revolt and sack rome which provoked the crossing of Rhine where a several other germanic tribes likes Suebi, Vandals and Burgundians invade the West Roman Empire. The 5th century can be resume by the failure of the west Roman to retake control and the establishment of the germanic kingdom.

The kingdom of the Goths, the Franks and the Vandals became rich and powerful for centuries. The saxons, angles and Jute kingdoms remain poor and violent long time after the fall of Roman Empire.

Do you wonder why these tribes stayed poor and weak while others became rich and powerful? Watch this video, and we will answer these questions.

Reference Book :

Marc Morris , '' The Anglo-Saxons : A history of the beginnings of England 400-1066 '' England : Pegasus Book , 2021.

Roger Collins , '' Early Medieval Europe 300- 1000'', England : Red Globe Press , 1991.

John Haywood, '' Historical Atlas of the Vikings '' New York : Penguin Edition , 1995

Transcription :

What was the Britannia situation under Roman rules ?
To fully understand the transition from Roman Britannia to the Saxon era, we must first look at the economic state of Roman Britannia. In 47 AD, the Roman Emperor Claudius conquered Britannia, which had a struggling economy at the time. The land was not very fertile, and trade with other regions was limited. However, archaeological evidence indicates a much higher level of wealth during the Roman period. This is due to the Roman Empire pouring large amounts of money into Britannia. They built roads, public baths, castles, border walls, and more—many of which remain standing today.
On top of that, the Roman Empire deployed and paid more than 50,000 soldiers. Some of these soldiers came from various regions of the empire, with the Sarmatian horsemen being the most notable. These soldiers received a salary from Rome and lived with their families in Britannia. Their wages were used to buy food and goods from local farmers, blacksmiths, and others who relied on these revenues to survive and support their families.
Thanks to Roman money, Britannia's economy flourished during this period. However, it was obvious that without Roman financial support, the island’s economy would not have reached such prosperity, and it was nearly impossible to sustain without this alliance.
Then the 3rd-century crisis took place. During this time, the Roman Empire was deeply troubled by numerous civil wars that ravaged the empire. In response, the empire reduced its investments in the britannia region, and many soldiers were redeployed to the Balkans.
From that point on, Britannia's economy deteriorated. According to archaeological evidence, the wealth experienced during the Roman era did not return to the island until the 18th century.

2-saxon, jute and angles in denmark … Viking
Okay! But why on earth did the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes migrate toward such a poor economy? The reason is simple: because the situation where they lived was even worse.
The Angles, Saxons, and Jutes originally came from modern-day Denmark and north of Germany. The economy was impoverished and almost entirely based on agriculture, yielding barely enough to survive. Many were certainly malnourished. The weather was dreadful, and commerce was even worse. The only possible trade was with the rich and powerful Roman Empire.


Many Romanesque artifacts have been found in the region by archaeologists, suggesting that they had some distant connection with the Romans, though very minimal. Also, the graves of several warriors indicate that the region was ruled by a multitude of small chiefdoms, with the warrior class serving as the governing class. Additionally, raids and sackings between these chiefdoms were frequent during this Roman period.
Things escalated during the 4th and 5th centuries, with the wars between the chiefdoms turning into a widespread conflict for more than two centuries. Evidence indicates that Norway and Sweden experienced similar issues. The reasons for the growing hostility among the chiefdoms are still unclear and obscure. A shortage of food seems like the most logical explanation, and some evidence shows an increase in piracy. However, the lack of primary written sources gives us very little information to work with.
Moreover, almost no evidence supports the idea of foreign invasions during this period. Despite this, more than 1,500 fortifications were built in Scandinavia and northern Germany during this time, which clearly indicates a struggle for power among those tribes.

[silviosposito]

You didn't mention how the Ostrogoths fell. When Teoderic's daughter Amalasunta was killed by her cousin Teodato, Justinian declared war and sent the great general Belisarius to conquer Italy as he had done against the Vandals in Africa. But the war on Ostrogoths was long and very hard. Two greco-gothic wars lasted 15 years bringing death and destruction all over Italy. When Narsetes finally defeated the last gothic general, Totila, many cities - also Rome - were destroyed and the countrysides devastated. This was the horrific end of the Ostrogothic Kingdom.

[Thor-Orion]

I’m ethnically Germanic, Celtic and Aryan. The Scythians.

[peterderidder]

Before the romans came to gaul and england te people lived in tribes. Those tribes where visited by lots ans lots of merchands. In Gaul only 10 to max 15% of the population where nobels. They where the only ones who could affort descent arms and horses. Only 1 gallic tribe refused to do bussines with forengers (nerviers) .
When ceasar invated gaul he killed al the people in settlements who didnt wannated to surrender. So would you give youre house and grounds and city away to strangers ? ?
Even they didnt stand the chanse most of the gallic city's fought for there belongings. By this way ceasar almost always gived his legionaires the permission to kill, plunder and rape. Nobody was spared, not even childeren, elderly, woman and man. Ceasar killed several millions of gauls because he could rely on proffesional troops against overal farmers an citycens. Ceasars soldiers adored him because he letted them plunder almost every city. The romans forced the gauls to adore there gods and way of life. And this is the story why the people of gaul became a bit more civilised...