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Moucha domácí - The housefly (Musca domestica) - Páření/Mating
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Moucha domácí - The housefly (Musca domestica)
Moucha domácí (Musca domestica) je nejčastější druh dvoukřídlých vyskytující se v domovech. Často je považován za škůdce, který může přenášet vážné nemoci.[zdroj?] Hlavní predátoři jsou pavouci, ropuchy a žáby. V letu dosahuje rychlosti kolem 8 km/h.
Vzhled
Má 1 pár blanitých křídel. Dospělí jedinci mají délku 6-12 mm. Jejich hrudník je šedivý se čtyřmi podélnými tmavými čarami na zádech. Spodní části břicha jsou žluté a celé tělo mají pokryté chlupy. Samice jsou o něco větší než samci a mají větší prostor mezi červenýma složenýma očima. Mají pouze jeden pár křídel, druhý je přeměněn v kyvadélko. Lidé ji velmi často považují za škůdce, hlavně v letních měsících. Sedají na jídlo a svými výkaly přenášejí nemoci.
Rozmnožování
Vajíčka klade především na hnojiště a na rozkládající se části rostlin. Mívá až pět generací za rok.
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The housefly, Musca domestica, is a fly of the suborder Cyclorrhapha. It is believed to have evolved in the Cenozoic era, possibly in the Middle East, and has spread all over the world. It is the most common fly species found in habitations. Adult insects are grey to black with four dark longitudinal lines on the thorax, slightly hairy bodies and a single pair of membranous wings. They have red eyes, and the slightly larger female has these set further apart than the male.
Description
Adult houseflies are usually 6 to 7 millimetres (0.24 to 0.28 inches) long with a wingspan of 13 to 15 millimetres (0.5 to 0.6 inches). The females are slightly larger than the males. The head is strongly convex in front and flat and slightly conical behind. The pair of large compound eyes almost touch in the male but are widely separated in the female. There are three simple eyes (ocelli) and a pair of short antennae. The mouthparts are specially adapted for a liquid diet; the mandibles and maxillae are reduced and non-functional and the other mouthparts form a retractable, flexible proboscis with an enlarged fleshy tip, the lamellum. This is a sponge-like structure that is characterised by many grooves, called pseudotracheae, which suck up fluids by capillary action. It is also used to distribute saliva to soften solid foods or collect loose particles.
Life cycle
Each female fly can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifetime, in several batches of about 75 to 150. The eggs are white and are about 1.2 mm (0.05 in) in length, and they are deposited by the fly in a suitable place for development, usually dead and decaying organic material, such as garbage, carrion, or feces. Within a day, larvae (maggots) hatch from the eggs; they live and feed where they were laid. They are pale-whitish, 3 to 9 mm (0.12 to 0.35 in) long, thinner at the mouth end, and legless;[6] a hook near the mouth is used for eating bacteria. Larval development takes from two weeks, under optimal conditions, to thirty days or more in cooler conditions. The larvae avoid light; the interior of heaps of animal manure provide nutrient-rich sites and ideal growing conditions, warm, moist and dark.
The life cycle can be completed in seven to ten days under optimal conditions but may take up to two months in adverse circumstances. In temperate regions, there may be twelve generations per year, and in the tropics and subtropics, more than twenty.
Distribution
The housefly is probably the insect with the widest distribution in the world; it is largely associated with man and has accompanied him around the globe. It is present in the Arctic, where Linnaeus noted its presence in Lapland and Finland, and the tropics, where it is abundant. It is present in all populated parts of Europe, Asia, Australasia and the Americas.
Relationship with humans
Flies are a nuisance, disturbing people at leisure and at work, but it is principally because of their habits of contaminating foodstuffs that they are disliked. They alternate between breeding and feeding in dirty places with feeding on human foods, during which process they soften the food with saliva and deposit their faeces. This is a health hazard.
(Wikipedia)
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Thank you!
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Moucha domácí - The housefly (Musca domestica)
Moucha domácí (Musca domestica) je nejčastější druh dvoukřídlých vyskytující se v domovech. Často je považován za škůdce, který může přenášet vážné nemoci.[zdroj?] Hlavní predátoři jsou pavouci, ropuchy a žáby. V letu dosahuje rychlosti kolem 8 km/h.
Vzhled
Má 1 pár blanitých křídel. Dospělí jedinci mají délku 6-12 mm. Jejich hrudník je šedivý se čtyřmi podélnými tmavými čarami na zádech. Spodní části břicha jsou žluté a celé tělo mají pokryté chlupy. Samice jsou o něco větší než samci a mají větší prostor mezi červenýma složenýma očima. Mají pouze jeden pár křídel, druhý je přeměněn v kyvadélko. Lidé ji velmi často považují za škůdce, hlavně v letních měsících. Sedají na jídlo a svými výkaly přenášejí nemoci.
Rozmnožování
Vajíčka klade především na hnojiště a na rozkládající se části rostlin. Mívá až pět generací za rok.
------------------
The housefly, Musca domestica, is a fly of the suborder Cyclorrhapha. It is believed to have evolved in the Cenozoic era, possibly in the Middle East, and has spread all over the world. It is the most common fly species found in habitations. Adult insects are grey to black with four dark longitudinal lines on the thorax, slightly hairy bodies and a single pair of membranous wings. They have red eyes, and the slightly larger female has these set further apart than the male.
Description
Adult houseflies are usually 6 to 7 millimetres (0.24 to 0.28 inches) long with a wingspan of 13 to 15 millimetres (0.5 to 0.6 inches). The females are slightly larger than the males. The head is strongly convex in front and flat and slightly conical behind. The pair of large compound eyes almost touch in the male but are widely separated in the female. There are three simple eyes (ocelli) and a pair of short antennae. The mouthparts are specially adapted for a liquid diet; the mandibles and maxillae are reduced and non-functional and the other mouthparts form a retractable, flexible proboscis with an enlarged fleshy tip, the lamellum. This is a sponge-like structure that is characterised by many grooves, called pseudotracheae, which suck up fluids by capillary action. It is also used to distribute saliva to soften solid foods or collect loose particles.
Life cycle
Each female fly can lay up to 500 eggs in a lifetime, in several batches of about 75 to 150. The eggs are white and are about 1.2 mm (0.05 in) in length, and they are deposited by the fly in a suitable place for development, usually dead and decaying organic material, such as garbage, carrion, or feces. Within a day, larvae (maggots) hatch from the eggs; they live and feed where they were laid. They are pale-whitish, 3 to 9 mm (0.12 to 0.35 in) long, thinner at the mouth end, and legless;[6] a hook near the mouth is used for eating bacteria. Larval development takes from two weeks, under optimal conditions, to thirty days or more in cooler conditions. The larvae avoid light; the interior of heaps of animal manure provide nutrient-rich sites and ideal growing conditions, warm, moist and dark.
The life cycle can be completed in seven to ten days under optimal conditions but may take up to two months in adverse circumstances. In temperate regions, there may be twelve generations per year, and in the tropics and subtropics, more than twenty.
Distribution
The housefly is probably the insect with the widest distribution in the world; it is largely associated with man and has accompanied him around the globe. It is present in the Arctic, where Linnaeus noted its presence in Lapland and Finland, and the tropics, where it is abundant. It is present in all populated parts of Europe, Asia, Australasia and the Americas.
Relationship with humans
Flies are a nuisance, disturbing people at leisure and at work, but it is principally because of their habits of contaminating foodstuffs that they are disliked. They alternate between breeding and feeding in dirty places with feeding on human foods, during which process they soften the food with saliva and deposit their faeces. This is a health hazard.
(Wikipedia)
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