Chapter 2 Motion Class 7 ICSE Physics @jatinacademy

Class 7th Physics Chapter 2 - Motion ICSE Notes

State of Rest
An object is said to be in state of rest when its position does not change with time and with respect to its surroundings.
State of motion:
An object is said to be in a state of motion, if its changes its position with respect to time and surroundings.
Rest and motion are relative terms:
Rest and motion are relative terms because it depends upon observer’s frame of reference.
For example: When you and your friend are sitting in a car then according to your friend you are in a state of rest but according to person standing alongside the road (outside the car) you are in a state of motion as the car is in motion.
Types of motion:
1. Translatory motion
2. Rotatory motion
3. Oscillatory motion
4. Multiple or complex motion
5. Periodic motion
6. Non Periodic motion
1. Translatory motion - If an object moves on the whole from one place to another, so that each part of it moves the same distance in a given time , then the object is said to be in translatory motion
Translatory motion is of three types
Rectilinear motion
Curvilinear motion
Circular motion
Rectilinear motion-If the motion of an object is along a straight path, it is said to be in Rectilinear motion.
Curvilinear motion - If the motion of an object is along a curved path, it is said to be in Curvilinear motion.
Circular motion - It is a special case of curvilinear motion. In circular motion, an object moves along a circular path about fixed point .
Rotatory motion - If an object moves about a fixed axis or a fixed point , without changing its position on the whole , then the object is said to be in rotatory motion.
Oscillatory motion - If an object moves to and fro about its mean position , then the object is said to be in oscillatory motion.
Vibratory motion - The motion of an object in which only a part of the object moves to and fro about its mean position , while the remaining object remains at rest is called vibratory motion
Multiple or complex motion - When an object simultaneously shows a combination of two or more types of motion, then this combination of motions is called multiple or complex motion.
Random motion - When an object has no specific path and frequently changes its motion, the motion is called random or irregular motion.
Periodic motion - When a motion repeats itself again and again after a fixed interval of time.
Non periodic motion- When a motion does not repeat itself after a regular intervals of time
Uniform motion - The motion of a moving object is said to be uniform, if it covers equal distance in equal intervals of time along a given straight path.
Non uniform motion - The motion of a moving object is said to be in non uniform , if it covers unequal distance in equal intervals of time while moving along a straight path.
Distance or path length - The actual length of the path covered by a moving object is called the distance.
Displacement or shortest length - The shortest length of the path covered by a moving object is called the displacement.
Distance is a scalar quantity
Distance covered is the total path length of motion and is independent of direction of motion.
Speed of a moving object - The distance covered by the moving object in unit time is called the speed of the object.
Speedometer - A speedometer is fitted in cars as well as in motorbikes. It measures the speed at which the car or the bike is running at a particular instant of time.
Average speed:- The speed varies from position to position depending upon the traffic conditions. In such situations we usually define a term average speed.
Example 1: An athlete covered a distance of 100 m in 10 s. what is his speed?
Example 2: Robert is driving his motorbike on a straight highway. If he covers 30 km in the first hour, 50 km in the second hour and 85 km in the third hour of his journey , then find the total distance covered by him during his entire journey and also find the average speed.
Weight of an object : - The weight of an object is the force with which the earth attracts it. The force of attraction due to the earth is known as the force of gravity.
Weight is a vector quantity - If m is the mass of an object and g is the acceleration due to gravity at that place, then weight of an object , w= mg.
As the value of g varies from place to place , the weight of an object also varies from place to place.
SI unit of weight : - Newton
Other units of weight is ( weight is commonly expressed in) *Kilogram force ( kgf )
* Kilogram weight ( kg- wt )
Weight of an object is maximum on the earths surface but it decreases as one goes on height .
On earth surface , weight is maximum at its poles and minimum at the equator.
1. The force of the earths attraction is termed as gravity. It varies with respect to height or depth from the earths surface.
2. Gravitational force of moon is 1/6 th the gravitational force of the earth.

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[manikantamangalagiri]

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[allroundercreator_]

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[-lostuchihaeditz-]

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[asadkhanarollno]

Circular motion is come in types of motion

[helenchandra]

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[SHEETAL--]

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[abhinav]

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[bluerider]

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[rakeshverma]

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[monalohiya]

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[nicolasphukon]

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