How to Resolve MongoDB Connection Error ECONNREFUSED ::1:27017 in Node.js?

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Understanding the Error

The error message breaks down as follows:

ECONNREFUSED: This means the connection attempt was refused.

::1: This is the loopback address for IPv6, equivalent to 127.0.0.1 in IPv4.

27017: The default port on which MongoDB listens for incoming connections.

Potential Causes

MongoDB Server is Not Running: One of the most common causes of this error is that the MongoDB server is not running. Without the server running, any connection attempts will be refused.

IPv6 Issues: The error indicates an issue with the ::1 address, which is the localhost address in IPv6. However, if MongoDB is configured to listen only on IPv4, it would not be accessible via ::1.

Firewall or Security Software: Sometimes, firewall settings or other security software may block the connection.

Steps to Resolve the Error

Ensure MongoDB is Running:

Confirm that the MongoDB server is running. You can start MongoDB using:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Check the status of your MongoDB service (varies based on your operating system):

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Check MongoDB Configuration:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Check Your Application Code:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Modify Hosts File (If Necessary):

Make sure your hosts file has the correct mappings. This file typically resides at /etc/hosts on Unix-based systems and at C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts on Windows. Ensure it contains:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Firewall and Security Software:

Check firewall settings to ensure port 27017 is open. Additionally, review any security software that might be blocking the connection.