Classroom Aid - Planck Length

Music free version -
Wiki page

In this segment, we cover the Higgs Boson starting with force fields and their particles.

First, we cover Quantum Electrodynamics - QED. We note that a disturbance in the electric field can create a particle – the photon. We show how the virtual photon mediates the electromagnetic force with virtual photons that are actually not particles. We also introduce coupling constants and Feynman Diagrams. We then extend this ‘force particle from a force field’ concept to include a matter particle from a matter field. In electromagnetic quantum field theory, this is the electron.

Next, we cover Quantum Chromo Dynamics – QCD. We show how the electromagnetic force is used as the model for the strong nuclear force that holds quarks together in protons and neutrons and holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus. We introduce color charge, gluons, virtual gluons, quark containment, and pion exchange between nucleons (the residual strong force). We also highlight the origin of mass for the proton. We then fill out the Standard Model of particle physics with the weak nuclear force and its force particles - the W and Z bosons. Using Beta Decay, we show how this force can change the actual particle in an interaction, not just accelerate it.

Next, we discuss spin oscillation as the origin of mass for elementary particles that lead to the Higgs Field and the Higgs Mechanism, and, as with all other fields, a disturbance in the Higgs Filed should create a particle – the Higgs boson. We show how the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN works and how the Higgs particle was discovered.

We’ll conclude with a brief look at what the standard model doesn’t cover (like gravity) and some of the theories in development that may very well take physics to the next level (like Super Symmetry). We end with a description of Planck’s Length (the shortest distance that can exist) and its implications for the next generation of physicists

Music:

@00:00 Albinoni - Concerto for Oboe and Strings No 2 II: Frank Berger, Hans-Dieter Weber; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpieces” 2013

@06:59 Rachmaninoff - Symphony No. 2 Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra; Emil Tabakov; from the album “Sergei Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 2 in E Minor, Op. 27” 2011

@23:02 Ravel – Boléro: The London Symphony Orchestra; from the album “Classical Masterminds - Ravel” 2007

@33:22 Vaughan Williams - The Lark Ascending: Hugh Bean; New Philharmonia Orchestra; Sir Adrian Boult; from the album “Essential Adagios” 2010

@37:43 Brahms - Violin Concerto, Op 77 II Adagio: Sofia Philharmonic Orchestra, Vesselin Eshkenasi; from the album “50 Must-Have Adagio Masterpiece” 2013

[marcusgehring]

Finally, I have a clue of understanding how the standard model was developed and how people could predict particles. Amazing! Thank you for explaining!

[SudamsLNS]

He speaks like the universe itself. Glorious yet humble.

[alexandercarder]

That just completely blew my mind 😳😵‍💫😵 the smallest creatures, even microscopic are vast universes in comparison to the plank length.

[antoniomaglione]

99% of the mass of the Universe is caused by the total energy of a condensate of gluons which has no mass "per se".
And the property of a condensate are apparently non linear; they remind me of the property of a buffer solution in chemistry, where you can add a base or an acid, and the pH stays the same. You add or subtract to the fields of a condensate, and the properties stays the same.
I believe there is a brave and updated world of a new complimentary physics waiting to be discovered - right inside the nucleus components.
Thank you for the enlightening explanations, Mr. Butler. Your work, here on Youtube, is wildly undervalued.

[CraigTrineerHumberca]

Thank you for doing this David! It is so fascinating!

[zodiark]

"It should be interesting" in regards to finding out how future scientists will figure how what is happening at the planck length.
My friend, it WOULD be interesting, if only we had longer life spans. One of my biggest feelings of regret in life is that I simply won't live long enough to get any of the answers in science that I crave like this one. Man the fact that a planck length is THAT much smaller than a neutrino makes me think that these "fundamental particles" are just another step on the way to figuring out how everything is made up of small parts. At one point we only knew about molecules and then we thought atoms were the smallest things. In another 100 years I'm sure we'll be laughing at how we once thought neutrinos were small.

[briz]

Thank you., A legend in pioneering young students. MIR publishing started me off in physics, a to z of the atom

[Tsamokie]

The Planck Length, an incomprehensible number. It does not compute.

[LuisAldamiz]

I'm amazed to learn that a neutrino is as big as a picometer, which is only a milimeter sliced in a thousand, then a thousand and then a thousand again (I use milimeter because I can understand it and relate to its multiples, basically the neutrino would be the size of a milimeter if a milimeter would be the distance between here and Brussels: small but not unimaginably small). I though point particles had "no size" per the mainstream quantum mechanical manuals.

[billfarley]

The Planck length is so ridiculously small that it seems ridiculous. But this by itself is not definitive proof that physicists are, in fact, insane.

[midplanewanderer]

So...is not the Vacuum Energy Field clearly both the progenitor and buttressing mantle of all Reality? Does it exist within or outside of Time? Is it chaotic or ordered? With all the apparent random "foam and fizzing noise" of all the virtual particles (that we currently know of) popping-into and out of "Existence" in such rapid high-frequency (and potentially high-bandwidth) range, how do we know that this isn't a manifestation of a fundamentally coherent quantum-entangled informational medium, capable of "memory, " in-and-of it's own right, perhaps hiding even more subtle dynamics far beyond our current capabilities to tease-out? Perhaps It is Consciousness Itself.

[pharaoh]

I’ve never heard/seen anyone explain why the Gravitational constant is involved in the plank length, other than it allows the meter to pop out in a dimensional analysis.

I sure hope I’m missing something, b’cus “lookie here I found a meter, why dat must be that there plank length thingy everyone has looking’ fur” seems like a pretty crummy foundation to build science on.

[lotechfarmer]

David, I've often gone to sleep thinking about the space between particles in neutron stars and black holes. Since I'm only a curious follower of science, your videos give me a general sense of understanding of both the cosmic and quantum world. Perhaps the extreme gravity in a black hole sigularity can compell elementary particles to be a planck length apart. No further compression could be possible if this is the physical lenght limit in our universe.

[zzodr]

Let's face it, if companies could figure out this empty space, they would put advertising there. Much like all the ads on Youtube fill the space between videos.
Planck Advertising.

[catchdafever]

Such thing as empty space dosent exist. They said it have 3 atoms per cubic meter. So emptiness is an euphemism...

[mikejones-vdfg]

what if the universe is giant living thing with free will? how does that mesh with phsyisc's/science's assumption that everything is predictable governed by laws? if the universe is governed by thought, at leatse on a larger level, can that explain dark matter? we move things with massless thoughts, sort of how dark matter seems to act, moving matter withouth matter

[charlesnelson]

Look, I like your stuff which is why I keep coming back...but your introduction contained multiple self contradictory statements...'empty' space that's seething with 'fields' where 'mass less' 'energy less' conditions give rise to particles etc etc etc. You assert these things matter of factly when in reality physics has never even got close to reconciling these ideas.
You also seem to imply that the various models of matter and space are somehow in concordance when the reality is that none of them work together and the whole thing is a dog's breakfast.
An Irishman once said when asked for directions..."Jaysus...if I was you...I wouldn't start from here."
Well it seems more and more likely that physics cannot get to where it needs to be with the 'particles' it has 'discovered'. 
Over and over again the conventionally understood structure of matter fails to explain obvious phenomena in the observable universe. 
In fact every 'discovery' seems to add a new dimension of uncertainty.
hindsight