Types of Solder

As you all know soldering is a process of joining two or more metals or two dissimilar items by melting and putting a filler metal (solder) into the joint and this filler metal have lower melting point than the base metal. So, let's get started.

Number 1
Soft Soldering
The main important characteristics of soft soldering is that the temperature they require is below 400 oC. The filler metals that are used in soft solder are alloys mostly containing lead that have melting point below 350 oC. In soft soldering, the filler material is melted by applying heat to the parts that are to be joined and this heat is also useful to connect the workpieces strongly. In soft soldering, capillary action takes place when workpieces are very close to each other. Soft lead is the basic requirement of this types of soldering process and that’s why it is called as soft soldering.

Number 2
Hard Soldering
It is also sometimes called as “silver soldering”. This types of soldering process produces stronger joints than the soft soldering. Hard soldering is mostly used to join metals like silver, gold, copper. According to temperature at which solder melts, filler metals is described as easy, medium or hard. The extra-hard solder which is used in this process has silver content upto 80% and melting point of 740 oC. For maintaining metal and solder clean, flux made up of boric acid and alcohol is used. Hard soldering or silver soldering is mostly used by jewellers and plumbers as they need stronger joints.

Number 3
Brazing
Brazing gives us the strongest joints but at the same time it requires hottest temperatures. In brazing, there is mostly requirement of torch or high heat source to fulfill this large temperature requirement. This process is mostly used in repairing wrought-iron furniture, etc. In brazing there is no melting of the base metal, so it gives rise to clean joint without the need of any type of finishing process.

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