Who is to blame for Urban Sprawl Informal Human Settlements?

1. National Government RNE
The government of National Unity prioritized these 3 main areas:
• to drive inclusive growth and job creation;
• to reduce poverty and tackle the high cost of living;
• and to build a capable, ethical and developmental state.

2. Province

3. District Municipality

4. Local Municipality
• Outdated, not implementable Policies & Bylaws
• The Housing Department has too few staff members who are not deployed in the community and speak diverse African languages. Need Relational Community Liaison
• Law Enforcement: Not enough staff or resources; it is not their job to break down structures; 24-hour surveillance is not possible; their own lives are threatened because they are residing in the community. Law enforcement is not deployed according to the crime threat and pattern analyses on weekends in hotspot areas.
5. Job Seekers
• Local job seekers
• RSA job seekers
• Immigrants
• Illegal Undocumented Immigrants
6. Proximity Issues SDF
• Wealthy Estates - Depreciating Values, lower taxable income for the municipality, undesirable growth halted.
• Main Entrances to Town - Tourism Gateways
• Human Waste Sewage into Rivers and Dam
• Old Kaapse Weg - Dust, safety issues, main Pick-up point.
7. SAPS (South African Police Service)
• Poor Lighting
• Poor road access
• Community of lawbreakers hide activities
• Do operations, large numbers of illegal immigrants to process, not big enough space in a local prison, no funds to deport illegal immigrants.
• Spaza owned by foreign national, unregulated, and irregular operational times, 24/7.

8. Agriculture VUCA
• Organised Agriculture, not a law enforcement agency, free association advice to give best practices and information to farmers.
• Mega Farmers - SIZA Audits
• Small Farmers - Economic viability
• Onsite vs Offsite Development
• ESDA (Employees no longer work on the farm)
• Minimum Wage
• Social Tax for Permanent Workers pay remittance to family.
• No plots available in towns
• Industry dependent on large numbers of manual labourers, low-skills
• Unemployable - Productivity
• Counterfit growing spesialization

9. Local Business - Rural Economy
• Unregistered Spaza Shops
• Informal Trade - Needs a new Space
• Shebeens - illegal sale of Alcohol - Liquor Board

10. State Institutions
• Clinics
• Hospitals
• Schools
• Eskom (Electricity Distribution Network)

11. Access to Basic Services
• Bulk Infrastructure
• Sewage
• Water
• Electricity
• Waste Removal

12. The World inside an Informal Settlement
• Gangs - Extortion
• Survival - Poverty
• Lack of Capacity - Skills
• Language Problem - Tribalism - Xenophobia
• Non-existent Mother-tongue Education
• Unemployable
• Crime, GBV (Gender-Based Violence)
• Exclusion from local economy
• Drug & Alcohol Cartels
• Organised Crime - Copper
• Prostitution

13. Negative Impact
• Tourism
• Property Prices and Property Tax
• Humanitarian Crisis
• Our Success Works Against Us
• Push-Pull Effect
• Negative Environmental Impact

14. Positive Impact
• Available Workforce
• Spending in the Local Economy
• Remittances

15. Solutions
What if all farming operations declare their employment need on a data platform, how many permanent workers do employ, how many migrant workers are going to be employed, from where? With these exact figures we can plan and strategize the problem into an opportunity.

• Prioritize Housing Projects, there is work for the people
• PVR Cameras and Control Room
• Large Infrastructure Housing Creates More Jobs
• People Want to Build Their Own Houses
• Integrated Community Development Strategy
• Reblocking, Formal and Informal Access to Basic Services - for immigrants
• Local Electricity Distribution Network
• Reduced Power Generation Opportunity
• Green Circular Economy Solutions
• Green Modular Building Materials
• Strict Access Control - Employment Screening Office
• ECD’s (Early Childhood Development) Mother-Tongue Education
• ABCD (Asset-Based Community Development)
• Specialist Task Force Multisectoral
• Committee Handles Housing Forms and Permissions
• Committee Needs Payment Somewhere, No Social Capital
• Relationship-Building Opportunities Strengthen Trust Network
• Neighborhood Watch - Eyes and Ears for Everyone
• Elect Leaders Committee Democratically, Everyone Works Through the Committee
• Churches' Spiritual Impact - Spiritual Crime Prevention
• NGOs

Thus, no one person, group, or institution is solely to blame for this problem; it is a systemic problem.