dynamic method dispatch in java w3schools

dynamic method dispatch in java is a powerful feature of the object-oriented programming paradigm, allowing a program to select which method to execute at runtime based on the object being referred to, rather than the type of the reference variable.

what is dynamic method dispatch?

dynamic method dispatch is the mechanism by which a call to an overridden method is resolved at runtime rather than compile-time. this is a core concept of polymorphism in java. it allows java to decide which overridden method to call based on the actual object (instance) being referred to, rather than the reference type.

key points

1. **runtime polymorphism**: dynamic method dispatch is also known as runtime polymorphism because the method that gets executed is determined at runtime.

2. **method overriding**: this feature is closely related to method overriding, where a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its superclass.

3. **reference type vs. object type**: the method to be executed is determined by the object type (the actual object) rather than the reference type (the variable type).

code example

let's look at an example to illustrate dynamic method dispatch.

explanation of the code

1. **class declaration**:
- we have a base class `animal` with a method `sound()`.
- we have two subclasses `dog` and `cat`, each overriding the `sound()` method to provide their specific implementation.

2. **dynamic method dispatch**:
- in the `main` method, we declare a reference variable of type `animal`.
- we first assign a `dog` object to this reference and call the `sound()` method. the output is "dog barks" because the actual object is of type `dog`.
- we then reassign the reference to a `cat` object and call the `sound()` method again. this time, the output is "cat meows".
- finally, we point the reference back to an `animal` object and call the `sound()` method, which outputs "animal makes a sound".

conclusion

dy ...

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