How to select by a timestamp in MariaDB without an Uncaught mysqli_sql_exception

Learn how to effectively query recent records in your MariaDB database using `timestamps`, without running into SQL syntax errors.
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Introduction

When working with databases, particularly with MariaDB, you may encounter various errors related to SQL syntax. One common issue arises when trying to filter records based on timestamps. In this guide, we'll explore how to correctly select records created within a specific timeframe, while avoiding common pitfalls, including the frustrating Uncaught mysqli_sql_exception error.

The Problem

Imagine you have a login_codes database and you want to retrieve the most recently generated code that was created within the last 60 seconds for a specific user. You might write a query that looks something like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

However, upon executing this query, you receive an error message:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This error indicates a problem in your SQL syntax, which could be due to incorrect use of the TIMESTAMP_SUB function or how intervals are specified.

The Solution

Understanding Timestamps in MariaDB

MariaDB provides various functions to manipulate timestamps, but not all may be appropriate for your situation. Instead of TIMESTAMP_SUB, you can use alternatives that synthesize similar results without throwing syntax errors. Here are two reliable approaches:

Approach 1: Using TIMESTAMPADD

You can modify your query to utilize the TIMESTAMPADD function, which allows you to add or subtract a specified interval from a date:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Approach 2: Using Simple Interval Subtraction

Another way to achieve your goal is to directly subtract an interval from the current timestamp:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Why Choose One Over the Other?

Readability: The second approach may be easier for some developers to read and understand as it directly subtracts the interval from the current timestamp.

Functionality: Both approaches yield the same result; however, you can choose based on your personal coding style preference or the readability for your team.

Conclusion

Contending with SQL syntax errors can be daunting, especially in MariaDB. By utilizing the right functions and understanding how to correctly handle timestamps, you can avoid frustrating exceptions and effectively query your database. Whether you opt for TIMESTAMPADD or simple interval subtraction, both methods will help you retrieve your desired records efficiently.

With this guide, you should be better equipped to handle timestamp queries in MariaDB without hitting roadblocks. Happy coding!