what is the scope of a variable in python

in python, the scope of a variable refers to the region of the program where the variable can be accessed or modified. python has two main types of variable scope: local scope and global scope. understanding the scope of variables is crucial for writing efficient and bug-free code. let's dive into the details with some code examples.
a variable declared inside a function has a local scope. it is only accessible within that function and cannot be used outside of it. when the function is called, the variable is created, and when the function exits, the variable is destroyed.
in the above example, local_variable is only accessible within the local_scope_example function. attempting to print or modify it outside the function will result in an error.
a variable declared outside of any function or block has a global scope. it can be accessed from anywhere in the program, including within functions.
in this example, global_variable is accessible both inside and outside the function global_scope_example. it retains its value throughout the program's execution.
when there is a local variable with the same name as a global variable, the local variable takes precedence within its scope.
in this case, the variable inside the function is a different variable from the global one. the local variable within the function takes precedence, and modifying it does not affect the global variable.
understanding variable scope in python is essential for writing clean and maintainable code. be mindful of where variables are declared and how their scope might impact the behavior of your program.
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