Changing Social Hierarchies 1450-1750 [AP World History] Unit 4 Topic 7

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In this video Heimler explains how social hierarchies were strained and changed in the period 1450-1750. In the Ottoman Empire, viziers gained power because of a string of weak sultans. Also, a group of women, specifically, the sultan's wives and concubines, gained power through what's known as harem politics.

In the Qing Dynasty, the Manchu rulers oppressed the Han Chinese. One of the key contentions was the requirement for the Han to wear their hair in Manchurian queues.

In Europe, Russia's social hierarchy was under strain too. The boyars fought with Ivan the Terrible for power, a fight which Ivan ultimately won. Also in Europe, Louis XIV, under the influence of absolutist thinking, stripped the nobility of their power and kept them under close surveillance in his palace at Versailles.

And in the Americas an altogether new social hierarchy was formed based on ancestry and race. At the top were the peninsula's, followed by the criollos, followed by the castas. The last of these made up the Casta System which was a hierarchy of the American population who had mixed ancestry.

If you. have any questions, leave them in the comments below and Heimler will answer forthwithly.

[KB-jrbd]

bruh how do you crank these vids out so fast? not complaining, they're top quality

[labmanatlarge]

Just Some Timestamps for Studying
Social Hierarchies 0:30

Hierarchies in the Ottoman Empire 0:57

Viziers 1:28

Jizya 2:14

Harem Politics 2:23

Hierarchies in the Qing dynasty 2:47

Hierarchies in Europe 4:06

Hierarchies in Russia 4:31

Boyars 4:36

Hierarchies in Americas 5:14

The Casta System 5:25

[t.]

congrats on 200k subs! Btw, here's a sneak peek of Heimler's History in the year 3020:

AP Galactic History, Unit 5003, Topic 46: How the Ganymedian Cybordigrades built a superweapon to overthrow French colonial rule in Jupiter

[bubbleandmatcha]

some notes if yall need it
Changing Social Hierarchies 1450-1750 [AP World History] Unit 4 Topic 7

Social hierarchies
How they were structured
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman empire, social structure built around warrior aristocracy, Janissaries became thirsty for power and staged coup to overthrow the sultan (they suck)
Viziers, advisors to Sultan does the decision making
Jews were expelled from Spain but lived in Ottoman Empire, more specifically Istanbul and they had to pay jizya which is tax for non-muslims and were confided in specific parts of the city
Women were in harem politics where they could promote their sons to higher power
Qing Dynasty
Manchunaria not chinese therefore had civil service exam and bureaucracy
Their population were han culture
Men in government had to get a braid and if not they they would be executed
Hundred of thousands han who resisted died
Europe
Nobility (landed aristocrats)
Royalty and nobility conflicted
Louis the 14 put the nobility in the palace of Versailles so he could watch them
Russia
Boyads (landed aristocrats)
Merchants
Peasants (sank in debt and became serfs and worked the land of the nobles)
Problems: Boyars opposed expansion policies and got into armed conflict with nobles



Americas
Peninsula (europes)
Criollos (europeans born in america)
Castas (mixed ancestry)
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Zambos
Indigenous
African
Could marry up

[romyan]

Took my Unit 1-4 final today, thank you for making these videos! They are great for reviewing/studying the material in a way that isn't boring.

[Sarah-hlnl]

my notes:

Social hierarchies: in a society ppl are ranked one higher or lower depending on their wealth or status
Ottoman Empire
Social structure built around warrior aristocracy
Compete for power w ulama (Islamic scholars who held power)
Janasarries want power (stage coups to overthrow sultan)
Unrest due to a lot of incapable sultans
Rise to power shift in sultanate
Viziers (advisors for sultan) consolidate power for themselves
Minorities
Jews expelled from Spain in 1492, so moved to Istanbul
Subject to jizya (tax for non-Muslims) and confined to parts of the city
Women
Did not have much direct power
But many of sultan;s wives and concubines promote their own sons into positions of power
Harem Politics: specific group of women could get a lot of power
Qing dynasty
Established in 1644 by Manchu ppl
Kept some Chinese stuff like civil service exam and bureaucracy (legitimize power in Chinese population’s eyes
Most of pop. were Han Chinese
Qing not tolerating Han culture
Worked for gov. men had to wear hair in traditional queues of Manchurians
If refuse, then executed
Killed a lot of ppl who resist
Europe
Royalty then landed aristocracy (nobility)
Power between them conflict
Louis the 14th drain power of nobility and force them to live in Versailles so he could keep and eye on them
Russia
Tsar, then Boyars (landed aristocracy), then merchants, then peasants
Many peasants sink to poverty and become serfs
Tsar vs. Boyars
Boyars oppose expansionist politics of Ivan the 4th and he went into armed conflict w the nobles and won
Conficated boyars land and force them to relocate to Moscow
Ivan kept an eye on them
Americas
New social hierarchy occur w Europeans joining Americas
Casta system (based on ancestry and race)
Peninsulares - born in Europe
Criollos - Europeans born in Americas
Castas - mash of natives and Africans
Mestizos - mixed European and indigenous ancestry
Mulattoes - mixed European and African ancestry
Zambos - mixed African and indigenous ancestry
indigenous and African ppl
Similar to Hindu caste system
Caste for life
Difference is that in casta system you can marry up (didn’t happen often)

[aaliyah]

"They began to yearn for power like a bunch of thirsty zebras" - Quote of the year, Heimlers HIstroy

[fernandaherreria]

your vids have helped me and my friends so much this year!! hope you can post a review video soon, I have a unit 4 test this week!

[misterydragon]

2:35 "as we learned in my big fat Greek wedding the man may be the head but the woman is the neck and the woman can turn the head which ever way she wants" best words EVER

[RobustMasala]

Do you have any tips in writing a DBQ on Units 3 and Unit 4? Like what should generally be discussed? Thanks again.

[The_Asian_Himself]

I have unit 4 test on Wednesday...I feel stressed but your videos make me laugh as I study and I appreciate your work

[kevinlove]

Good news for the Steve Heimler in an alternate universe who lives in the Qing Dynasty: If you are bald, the government considers it to be officially OK to wear a wig.

[hitheresir]

Steve Heimler, thank you so much for helping me this year and thank you for getting good test scores from your information. Hoping for the Unit 4 Review Video!!!

[sabrinakelly]

"One example of Social Hierarchy conflicts was shown in popular Disney movie Aladdin, where Jafar wanted to overthrow the Sultan for power..."

-Something i would write on my LEQ :) -

[josebello]

"My Fat Greek Wedding" in Unit 4: Brilliant and Smooth. Thanks! We are glad you are not in the Qing dynasty too.... AP Warriors need you!

[notcharlieeebrown]

thank you sm, it's almost exam time whoooo (end me)

[mrpopo]

Welcome brother to the study binge. Come here and sit with me as we both devour knowledge.

[morganschmitz]

After watching all of your videos, I actually feel prepared for my final tomorrow. Thank you so much!

[Dan-turm]

Thanks to you I aced my essay on the Columbian Exchange and what effects it had from 1450-1750

[mayademand]

Tbh I wish when I found you on tik tok back in January I didn’t wait until 2 months before the test to pay attention. Now I’m writing everything you say down for my notes next week 😂 need contextulizarion and outside evidence points