ETHOLOGY/ ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR

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Ethology refers to the scientific study of animal behaviour, with an emphasis on behaviour in natural environments and the idea of behaviour as an evolutionary adaptive attribute.
Animal behavior is the four types- Instinct, imprinting, conditioning, and imitation.
Innate behavior: Innate behavior is behavior that's genetically predetermined in an organism and can be performed in response to a signal without prior experience. There are two types of innate behaviors- reflex and instinct. A reflex is an automatic response that does not involve a message from the brain. Reflex Examples: Sneezing, shivering, yawning, quickly pulling your hand away from a hot surface and blinking your eyes. Instincts are goal-directed and innate patterns of behavior that are not the result of learning or experience. For example, infants have an inborn rooting reflex that helps them seek out a nipple and obtain nourishment, while birds have an innate need to migrate before winter.
Learned behaviour: A learned behavior is one that an organism develops as a result of experience. Learned behaviors contrast with innate behaviors, which are genetically hardwired and can be performed without any prior experience or training. The five types of learned behavior are classical conditioning, operant conditioning, habituation, insight learning, and imprinting. These are different from innate or instinctive responses to stimuli. Example: At first, the dogs would only salivate when the food was placed in front of them. However, later they salivated slightly before their food arrived. Pavlov realized that they were salivating at the noises that were consistently present before the food arrived; for example, the sound of a food cart is approaching.
Social behavior is most simply defined as that of groups of individuals of the same species that cooperate with one another. Simple aggregations of individuals may occur, for example, where some limiting resource is found, such as water or nesting sites. These can be aggressive, mutualistic, cooperative, altruistic, and parental.
Reproductive behavior is the behavior related to the production of offspring and includes all aspects from the establishment of mating systems, courtship, sexual behavior, and parturition to the care of young.
Sexual selection is a mode of natural selection in which members of one biological sex choose mates of the other sex to mate with (intersexual selection), and compete with members of the same sex for access to members of the opposite sex (intrasexual selection).
Biological rhythm is a phrase often used interchangeably with circadian rhythm. These rhythms are a series of bodily functions regulated by your internal clock. They control cycles like sleep and wakefulness, body temperature, hormone secretion, and more. These are Diurnal (night and day) Circadian (24 hours) Ultradian (less than 24 hours) Infradian/Circalunar (1 month).