AQA A Level Biology: Cell Division, Cell Cycle and Mitosis

A-Level Biology especially for AQA can be tough but fortunately we’ve made this tutorial to help you score the A* you need for questions on Cell Division, Cell Cycle and Mitosis. ✅

📒The three main aims of this tutorial are to cover: 📒
1. Cell Division and the Cell Cycle
2. Stages of Mitosis
3. Cancer

Cell Division (1:45)
Cell division has multiple functions. Some cells cannot divide.

The Cell Cycle (2:13)
The cell cycle refers to the sequence of events that occur during cell division, as one parent cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells. The cell cycle can be broken down into 3 phases: Interphase, Mitosis and Cytokinesis.

Interphase (3:18)
There are 3 phases of interphase. G1 phase, S phase and G2 Phase. During interphase, cell function continues normally. The cell cycle ends with mitosis.

Mitosis (4:45)
After interphase, the cell divides in mitosis. There are two main types of cell division: Mitosis & Meiosis.

Structure of Chromosomes (6:04)
Chromosomes are large structures of DNA and proteins. Humans have 23 different chromosomes which exist in pairs. Each copy of a particular chromosome is called a chromatid. During the S phase, the cell replicates the DNA.

Phases of Mitosis (8:54)
Prophase - Chromosomes become visible. Centrioles split and move to opposite ends of the cell. The nuclear envelope disintegrates.
Metaphase - The nuclear envelope is completely gone. The spindle fibres attach to the chromosomes. The chromosomes line up at the equator.
Anaphase - The chromosomes break apart at the centromere.
Telophase - The chromatids reach opposite poles of the cell. The nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes. The cell prepares to split the cytoplasm and its contents.
Cytokinesis - Cytokinesis is the final step of mitosis. Each daughter cell be identical to each other and their parent cell.

Checkpoints and Mutations (11:20)
A cancer cell has two mutations: Mutant tumour suppressor gene & Mutant oncogene. Cancer cells can form tumours. Cancers are potentially lethal.

Cancer Treatment (12:36)
Cancer is a huge problem. Cancer is treated using chemotherapy. Most drugs target the cell cycle and mitosis. There are hundreds of different chemotherapeutics currently available and the majority of them target different phases of the cell cycle: Targeting G1, Targeting DNA replication and Targeting Mitosis. Chemotherapeutics are nonspecific.

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Tags: #AQABiology #ALevelBiology #StudyMind #Mitosis #CellDivision #Cancer

[StudyMind]

Hey, hope you enjoyed the video! 😊

[supremeisiorho]

It's really helpful.First time watcher.

[nameisinused]

why there isnt method of studying cells in the playlist

[steveabitom]

Thank you for these videos - very useful, however the diagrams in this video are a bit confusing and can cause misconceptions with students. Your diagrams actually show the first stage of Meiosis not mitosis. You have bivalents arranging themselves along the equator and pulling apart rather than a chromosome separating into its two sister chromatids.