The Basilica Cistern in Istanbul, Turkey. Also known as the Yerebatan Sarayı or Sunken Palace

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The Basilica Cistern, also known as the "Yerebatan Sarayı" or "Sunken Palace," is an ancient underground water reservoir located in Istanbul, Turkey. It is one of the city's most popular historical attractions and a remarkable example of Byzantine engineering and architecture.

Built during the 6th century by Emperor Justinian I, the Basilica Cistern was designed to store and supply water to the Great Palace of Constantinople and nearby buildings. It is named after the Stoa Basilica, a large public square that once stood above it.

The cistern is an impressive structure measuring approximately 138 meters long and 64.6 meters wide, with a capacity to hold around 80,000 cubic meters of water. It is supported by 336 marble columns arranged in twelve rows, some of which showcase intricate carvings, including Medusa head bases.

Visitors to the Basilica Cistern can explore its dimly lit interior, which creates a mysterious and captivating ambiance. Wooden walkways have been installed to allow visitors to navigate between the columns and observe the reflection of the ceiling in the water below.

Noteworthy features within the cistern include the Hen's Eye column, which has a tear-shaped eye-like design, and the Medusa columns, where two heads of Medusa are used as bases for the columns.

Over the years, the Basilica Cistern has undergone restoration and preservation efforts to ensure its structural integrity and maintain its historical value. Today, it serves as a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from around the world who come to marvel at its unique atmosphere and architectural splendor.