Decorators in python python tutorial day 59

## python decorators tutorial

### what are decorators?

in python, decorators are a powerful and expressive tool that allows you to modify the behavior of a function or a class method. they are often used for logging, enforcing access control, instrumentation, and caching. decorators are functions that take another function as an argument and extend or alter its behavior.

### how do decorators work?

a decorator is essentially a callable that takes another function as an argument (the function to be decorated) and returns a new function that usually extends the behavior of the original function.

### basic structure of a decorator

here’s a basic structure of a decorator in python:

### using a decorator

you can use a decorator by applying it to a function using the `@` symbol:

### output:

### decorators with arguments

sometimes, you may want to create decorators that accept arguments. for this, you need to add another layer of nested functions. here’s how you can do it:

### output:

### chaining decorators

you can also apply multiple decorators to a single function. when chaining decorators, they are applied from the innermost to the outermost.

### output:

### built-in decorators

python also provides some built-in decorators such as:

### conclusion

decorators in python provide a clean and expressive way to modify the behavior of functions or methods. they allow for code reuse and separation of concerns, making it easier to maintain and read your code. understanding decorators is ...

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