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Chishtī Muʿīn al-Dīn Ḥasan Sijzī (1143–1236 CE), known more commonly as Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī or Moinuddin Chishti[6] or Khwājā Ghareeb Nawaz, or reverently as a Shaykh Muʿīn al-Dīn or Muʿīn al-Dīn or Khwājā Muʿīn al-Dīn (Urdu: معین الدین چشتی‎) by Muslims of the Indian subcontinent, was a Persian Muslim[3] preacher,[6] ascetic, religious scholar, philosopher, and mystic from Sistan,[6] who eventually ended up settling in the Indian subcontinent in the early 13th-century, where he promulgated the famous Chishtiyya order of Sunni mysticism.[6][7] This particular tariqa (order) became the dominant Muslim spiritual group in medieval India and many of the most beloved and venerated Indian Sunni saints[4][8][9] were Chishti in their affiliation, including Nizamuddin Awliya (d. 1325) and Amir Khusrow (d. 1325).[6] As such, Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī's legacy rests primarily on his having been "one of the most outstanding figures in the annals of Islamic mysticism."[2] Additionally Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī is also notable, according to John Esposito, for having been one of the first major Islamic mystics to formally allow his followers to incorporate the "use of music" in their devotions, liturgies, and hymns to God, which he did in order to make the foreign Arab faith more relatable to the indigenous peoples who had recently entered the religion or whom he sought to convert.[10] Others contest that the Chisti order ever permitted musical instruments and a famous Chisti, Nizamuddin Auliya, is quoted as stating that musical instruments are prohibited.[11][12][13]

Muʿīn al-Dīn Chishtī

معین الدین چشتی

Other namesKhawja Ghareeb Nawaz, Sultan Ul HindPersonalBorn1 February 1143 CE

Herat,[1][2] Ghaznavid Empire

Died15 March 1236 CE (aged 93)

Ajmer, Delhi Sultanate

Resting placeAjmer Sharif DargahReligionIslamFlourishedIslamic golden ageDenominationSunni[3][4]JurisprudenceHanafiCreedMaturidiTariqaChistiMuslim leader

Influenced by

Usman Harooni, ʿAbdullah Ansari,[5] Najīb al-Dīn Nakhshabī[5]

Influenced

Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki. Muḥammad Mubārak al-ʿAlavī al-Kirmānī,[6] Ḥāmid b. Faḍlallāh Jamālī,[6] ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq Muḥaddith Dihlavī,[6] Ḥamīd al-Dīn Ṣūfī Nāgawrī,[7] Fakhr al-Dīn Chishtī,[7] and virtually all subsequent mystics of the Chishtiyya order

He is very famous among the chishti sufis .[6] Having arrived in Delhi during the reign of the sultan Iltutmish (d. 1236), Muʿīn al-Dīn moved from Delhi to Ajmer shortly thereafter, at which point he became increasingly influenced by the writings of the famous Sunni Hanbali scholar and mystic ʿAbdallāh Anṣārī (d. 1088), whose famous work on the lives of the early Islamic saints, the Ṭabāqāt al-ṣūfiyya, may have played a role in shaping Muʿīn al-Dīn's worldview.[6] It was during his time in Ajmer that Muʿīn al-Dīn acquired the reputation of being a charismatic and compassionate spiritual preacher and teacher; and biographical accounts of his life written after his death report that he received the gifts of many "spiritual marvels (karāmāt), such as miraculous travel, clairvoyance, and visions of angels"[6][14] in these years of his life. Muʿīn al-Dīn seems to have been unanimously regarded as a great saint after his passing.[6]

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