FSc Part I || Ch # 03 || Lec # 02 || Characteristics of enzymes (Urdu/ Hindi)

Enzymes, the biochemical catalysts possess the following important characteristics.
1. All enzymes are globular proteins.
Except ribozyme (RNA enzyme)
2. They increase the rate of reaction without themselves being used up.
3. Their presence does not affect the nature or properties of end products.
It means don’t change the free energy of reactant and product.
They only lower the energy of transitional state (activation energy).
4. Small amounts of an enzyme can accelerate chemical reactions.
For example a typical enzyme convert 1000 substrates into products per second.
5. enzymes are very specific in their action; a single enzyme catalyzes only a single chemical reaction or a group of related reactions.
6. They are sensitive to even a minor change in pH, temperature and substrate concentration.
7. Some enzymes require a co-factor for their proper functioning.
Such as DNA polymerase needs Mg+2
Some require no cofactor such as protease and lipase
8. They lower the activation energy of the reactions.

#Characteristics_of_enzymes
#Activation_energy #How_enzymes_lower_the_activation_energy #Biocatalyst #sensitivity #Specificity