What is the EU and how does it work?

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The European Union is a complicated institution. Seemingly everything from fishing quotas to bendy bananas are regulated in some shape or form by the EU.

Understanding the EU, it’s many institutions, how they fit together, how laws are made and how much it costs is REALLY complicated.

... but what exactly is the EU? and how does it work? Alice Bird explains.

The European customs union is an agreement between 28 member states to trade goods more easily.

Paperwork and goods checks are reduced when goods cross borders of these countries.

It is agreed that there is no tariff to be paid on goods traded within the EU.

Trade deals with countries outside of the EU are agreed upon collectively and tariffs on goods exchanged with these countries are the same for each EU member country.

If the UK leaves the EU via a Soft Brexit we will still remain in both the single market and the customs union, avoiding disruption to trade.

A Hard Brexit meanwhile would involve the UK leaving the single market and customs union, with a loose trade agreement with the EU.

As a deal has not yet been decided upon, we may leave the EU with a backstop, the "insurance policy" in the withdrawal deal, designed to ensure there is no hard border between Northern Ireland and the Republic if a broader trade deal cannot be agreed.

A backstop would keep the UK in the customs union.

Continue reading:

EU customs union – what is it and will the UK stay in it now a No Deal Brexit is dead?

What is Brexit and why’s the UK’s withdrawal from the EU plunged in chaos?

Who is Donald Tusk and what did the EU Council President say about a flexible Brexit delay?

What is the EU single market, will the UK leave it after Brexit and what will Theresa May’s Brexit policy mean for it?

When will Britain leave the European Union, when was Article 50 triggered and what is the Lisbon Treaty?

From Brexit breaking news to HD movie trailers, The Sun newspaper brings you the latest news videos and explainers from the UK and around the world.

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What topic would you like to see explained next week?

thesun
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After lying about the EU for decades, the Sun now wants to explain what the EU is.

ChristianIce
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This should have been posted on YouTube three years ago.

johnnneeey
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It is discusting what lies were told about the EU

h.g.
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It's one big money box and they pay themselves out of it.

alanevans
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The President of the European Commission isn't directly chosen and elected by the parliament or the electorate, rather the European Council selects a candidate for the post. The common man is cut out of this decision.

Refract
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This power grab entity which is unaccountable to everyone, costs a fortune to run. Nobody tells you who is at the very top of the chain of command and why. If the EU didn't exist free trade would be common place between every country. As it stands we have to pay £20 billion plus every year to trade tariff free. CLEARLY NOT FREE.

derekc
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The fact that they made a law about the curviness of a banana made me actually laugh lol

wutguycreations
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The Sun should have made this video three years ago. Too bad they couldn't resist to repeat the falsehood that the EU regulates "how curvy bananas should be". Bananas can have any curvature. The EU has only harmonised the previously different national classifications of bananas.

The other thing missed is the (qualified) majority voting of the European Council. It's not by number of countries. Instead, the votes are weighed by the size of each country (by population). So votes of large countries weigh much more than those of small ones.

andrekoster
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UK govt to the EU: "how dare you screw over the british people...that's our job"

리주민
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The Sun Can you do another 7 minute piece explaining the background to the border in Ireland as nobody in the UK seems to understand anything about this either. Thank you.

johnnneeey
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Just a thought, but why not shrink the parliament? Theres a sweet spot to be found between too small, everybody able to speak, and unrepresentative; and too large, only party leaders able to speak, and very representative.

리주민
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leave, now, the europeans are happy, so get out now, is time

josesantos-ijls
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I want to see a no deal Brexit so we can get a break up of the UK, United Ireland and impoverished English people 😂

kev
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It doesn't work. It is dying, and the sooner it disappears the better.

rad
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Its one great big gravy train about to be derailed by us leaving

paulhoskin
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How much did it cost tax payers to decide how curved a banana should be???

sillymonster
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Its not £1 per day, they say the same of the Royal Family. They use trickery to get to this sum. We send the EU 350 Mil / Day. Some pay more and this discounts things such as VAT which we all pay.

codex
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It's an extortion and racketeering organisation

zbudda
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Just read about the Soviet Union they’re the same thing minus the military intervention.... oh they want a EU army 🤦🏼‍♂️nevermind

milnersway