ALL OF BIOLOGY explained in 17 Minutes

What even is...life? What is DNA? How does the brain work? Let's learn pretty much all of Biology (worth knowing) in under 20 minutes with memes and music :)
Of course it's not ALL of Biology, but I would say it's a decent introduction / overview / review to the biggest topics ;)

(maybe I was inspired by Bill Wurtz & Amoeba Sisters)

Timestamps:
00:00 Intro
00:33 Biomolecules
01:17 Characteristics of Life
01:36 Taxonomic ranks
02:17 Homeostasis
02:53 Cell Membrane & Diffusion
04:01 Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis (cellular energetics)
04:55 DNA
06:03 RNA
06:36 Protein Synthesis
07:20 DNA, RNA, Proteinsynthesis RECAP
08:08 Chromosomes
08:48 Alleles
09:01 Dominant vs Recessive Alleles, Inheritance
09:58 Intermediate Inheritance & Codominance
10:15 Sex Chromosomes
10:44 Cell division, Mitosis & Meiosis
11:48 Cell Cycle
12:16 Cancer
12:28 DNA & Chromosomal Mutations
13:00 Evolution (Natural Selection)
13:31 Genetic Drift
13:41 Adaptation
13:59 Bacteria vs Viruses
14:31 Digestion & Symbiosis, Organ Systems
14:49 Nervous System & Neurons
15:16 Neurobiology (Action Potentials)
16:35 Brilliant

this took an unholy amount of time to make. if you liked it, share with your friends. thanks

[wacky.science]

Which topic would you like me to cover next? Comment below!

[kaidaluck]

14:45 "And I know what you're thinking... Actually, I don't; but I know HOW you're thinking." is gold 😂😂😂

[parthkadam]

as an engineering student, i was wondering how to know about basic biology without spending much time on reading a big-ass book or multiple videos, and then, the algorithm blessed me with this video. thanks random stranger.

[tussekatten]

The bill wurtz references are strong with this one

[Tjuc_]

FINALLY THE SCIENCE TRILOGY IS COMPLETE 🗣🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥‼‼‼‼‼

[michaelpostsstuff]

Damn you pretty much covered everything important I learned in 3 semesters of biology via a 17 minute long video, minus the useless memorization of minor details (which is 75% of most bio classes).

[theenderboy]

I think one concept was missed:
The same segment of DNA can be used to create multiple proteins depending on the cell it's being transcripted in.
Right after the polymerase finishes making the first model of RNA, it "splices" some of it.

RNA is composed of coding parts (exons) and non-coding portions (introns). While splicing eliminates _all_ introns, it also eliminates _some_ exons, depending on what protein needs to be made in the given cell.

Example:

I = intron
E = exon

The original RNA segment: E1 - I1 - E2 - I2 - E3
In your brain cells, the RNA is spliced into: E1 - E3. I1, E2, and I2 are discarded.
In your stomach lining cells, the RNA is spliced into E1 - E2 - E3. Only the introns are discarded.

This ultimately affects the sequence of nucleotides that end up in the RNA that reaches the ribosome, and therefore the sequence of amino acids, which define the protein.


Thank you for bearing through my rant :)

[ilycrystbruh]

the all of physics in 17 minutes was GOLD. this is why i like these videos. AWESOME. make one for mathematics too eh?

[sheymaharb]

You really missed your only opportunity to call the mitochondria THE POWER HORSE OF THE CELL🗣️🗣️🗣️

[ULTIMAYD]

My science exam is tomorrow. Perfect timing.
Update:- Thanks to everyone who wished me well. The exam definitely went well. I could have gone better but I'm happy with it. I'll give another update when I get the result.
Update 2:- I managed to get 28/40. I'm really happy with it because I was going in fully expecting to botch biology but in the end, chemistry was my downfall. Still got the highest in the class.

[MinutesExplainer]

Being a Biology teacher, I enjoyed to watch this video ❤

[VrayCat]

Let’s break down these cell components and understand what they do using simple analogies and jot notes 🧫🧬🔬.

1. Nucleus (Nuclei) 🧠
• What it does: The CONTROL CENTER of the cell. It stores the cell’s DNA.
• Analogy: Like the brain of the cell, directing all activities.
• Jot Note: Control center, stores DNA.

2. Nuclear Pore 🚪
• What it does: TINY HOLES in the nuclear envelope that allow materials to pass IN AND OUT of the nucleus.
• Analogy: Like doors in a castle wall, letting messengers in and out.
• Jot Note: Doorways for nucleus.

3. Nuclear Envelope 🏰
• What it does: A DOUBLE MEMBRANE that surrounds the nucleus, protecting it.
• Analogy: Like the walls of a castle, guarding the nucleus.
• Jot Note: Protective wall around nucleus.

4. Centrioles 🧫➗
• What it does: Helps with CELL DIVISION in animal cells.
• Analogy: Like the organizers in a moving crew, helping sort and divide things.
• Jot Note: Helps in cell division (animal cells).

5. Microfilaments 🧱🏗️
• What it does: Provides STRUCTURE and SHAPE to the cell.
• Analogy: Like the skeleton, giving the cell its shape and support.
• Jot Note: Structural support.

6. Ribosomes 💪🥩
• What it does: Makes PROTEINS for the cell.
• Analogy: Like factories producing goods.
• Jot Note: Protein factories.

7. Lysosomes 🗑️🚮
• What it does: BREAKS DOWN waste materials and cellular debris.
• Analogy: Like the garbage disposal system of the cell.
• Jot Note: Waste disposal.

8. Mitochondria 💪🔋
• What it does: Produces ENERGY for the cell.
• Analogy: Like the power plants of the cell.
• Jot Note: Powerhouse, energy production.

9. Plasma Membrane 👮‍♂️🚨
• What it does: Protects the cell and CONTROLS what goes IN and OUT.
• Analogy: Like a security gate, controlling entry and exit.
• Jot Note: Cell’s security gate.

10. Vesicles 🚛📦
• What it does: TRANSPORT MATERIALS within the cell.
• Analogy: Like delivery trucks, moving packages around.
• Jot Note: Transport vehicles.

11. Rough ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) 🏭🥩
• What it does: Helps in PROTEIN SYNTHESIS, has ribosomes on it.
• Analogy: Like a factory assembly line with workers.
• Jot Note: Protein synthesis (with ribosomes).

12. Smooth ER 🛢️🧼
• What it does: Makes LIPIDS (fats) and DETOXIFIES substances.
• Analogy: Like a factory producing oils and cleaning products.
• Jot Note: Lipid production, detoxification.

13. Golgi Apparatus 🏣📦
• What it does: Modifies, sorts, and packages PROTEINS and LIPIDS for storage or transport out of the cell.
• Analogy: Like a post office, packaging and shipping goods.
• Jot Note: Packaging and shipping.

14. Golgi Vesicle 🚚💨🏣
• What it is: Small membrane-bound sacs that TRANSPORT materials from the Golgi apparatus to OTHER PARTS of the cell or to the OUTSIDE of the cell.
• Function: Carries packaged proteins and lipids to their destinations.
• Analogy: Like delivery trucks coming from the post office (Golgi apparatus).
• Jot Note: Delivery trucks from Golgi.

15. Cytoskeleton 🩻
• What it does: Provides INTERNAL STRUCTURE and helps with CELL MOVEMENT.
• Analogy: Like the framework of a building, holding everything in place.
• Jot Note: Internal framework and movement.

16. Cytosol 🏊‍♂️🛟
• What it does: THE FLUID inside the cell where all the organelles are SUSPENDED.
• Analogy: Like the water in a swimming pool, where everything floats.
• Jot Note: Cell’s internal fluid.

17. Chloroplast ☀️➡️🔋
• What it does: Converts SUNLIGHT into ENERGY through PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
• Analogy: Like solar panels converting sunlight to energy.
• Jot Note: Photosynthesis, solar panels.

18. Vacuole ⛽️🎈
• What it does: STORES nutrients, waste, and helps MAINTAIN TURGOR PRESSURE (Water pressure inside plant cells that keeps them FIRM and UPRIGHT).
• Analogy: Like a storage tank and water balloon, holding stuff and keeping the cell firm.
• Jot Note: Storage and pressure maintenance.

19. Microbody 😈⚡️
• What it does: Contains ENZYMES 😈⚡️ (Catalysts) for specific metabolic reactions.
• Analogy: Like specialized recycling centers.
• Jot Note: Enzyme reactions.

20. Cell Wall 🌱🏰
• What it does: Provides EXTRA SUPPORT and PROTECTION for plant cells.
• Analogy: Like the walls of a fortress, giving shape and protection.
• Jot Note: Extra support and protection.

21. Capsule 🛡️🦠
• What it does: The capsule is a THICK, OUTER PROTECTIVE LAYER found in some BACTERIA. It helps protect the cell from being eaten by other cells (like immune cells) and can help the bacteria stick to surfaces.
• Analogy: Like a shield or armor for a knight, providing extra protection.
• Jot Note: Protective armor for bacteria.

22. Flagellum 🪡
• What it does: The flagellum is a LONG, WHIP-LIKE STRUCTURE that helps some cells (like sperm cells or bacteria) move. It acts like a PROPELLER, allowing the cell to swim through liquids.
• Analogy: Like the tail of a fish, helping it swim.
• Jot Note: Cell’s propeller for movement.

23. Nucleolus 🏭🧠
• What it is: A small, dense structure found INSIDE the nucleus.
• Function: It is the site where RIBOSOMES ARE MADE. Ribosomes are essential for making proteins in the cell. 🥩💪.
• Analogy: Think of the Nucleolus as a small factory 🏭 INSIDE the donut jelly 🪼(Nucleoplasm) that MAKES tiny machines (Ribosomes).
• Jot Note: Small factory inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes.

24. Nucleoplasm 🪼
• What it does: It serves as the medium in the nucleus in which the NUCLEOLUS 🏭🧠 and CHROMOSOMES 🧬 are SUSPENDED. It also supports the functions of the nucleus 🧠, like DNA replication and transcription. The GEL-LIKE substance inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
• Analogy: Think of nucleoplasm as the jelly inside a JELLY-FILLED DONUT. It fills up the nucleus and provides a place for everything else inside the nucleus to be suspended.
• Jot Note: Jelly inside the nucleus that holds everything in place.

25. Nucleoid 🦠🚫🏰
• What it is: The region in a Prokaryotic cell (like bacteria) 🦠 where the CELL’S DNA IS LOCATED. Unlike the nucleus in eukaryotic cells, it is NOT SURROUNDED BY A MEMBRANE 🚫🏰.
• Function: Contains the genetic material of the cell and controls cell activities.
• Analogy: Imagine a room without walls inside a house where all the important information (DNA) are kept. This is the nucleoid.
• Jot Note: Open DNA area in bacteria, NO WALLS, just a region.

26. Nitroplast ❄️💨
• What it is: A hypothetical or lesser-known organelle that could be involved in NITROGEN STORAGE or METABOLISM (if we consider it similar to plastids like chloroplasts in plants).
• Function: Helps in storing or processing nitrogen for the cell.
• Analogy: Like a nitrogen storage tank or processor.
• Jot Note: Nitrogen storage or processor.

Summary:

• Nucleus 🧠: Brain of the cell.
• Nuclear Pore 🚪: Doorways for nucleus.
• Nuclear Envelope 🏰: Protective wall around nucleus.
• Centrioles 🧫➗: Help in cell division (animal cells).
• Microfilaments 🧱🏗️: Structural support.
• Ribosomes 🥩💪: Protein factories.
• Lysosomes 🗑️🚮: Waste disposal.
• Mitochondria 💪🔋: Powerhouse, energy production.
• Plasma Membrane 👮‍♂️🚨: Cell’s security gate.
• Vesicles 🚛📦: Transport vehicles.
• Rough ER 🏭🥩: Protein synthesis (with Ribosomes).
• Smooth ER 🛢️🧼: Lipid production, detoxification.
• Golgi Apparatus 🏣📦: Packaging and then shipping.
• Golgi Vesicle 🚚💨🏣: Delivery trucks from Golgi.
• Cytoskeleton 🩻: Internal framework and movement.
• Cytosol 🏊‍♂️🛟: Cell’s internal fluid.
• Chloroplast ☀️➡️🔋 (Plants Only): Photosynthesis, solar panels.
• Vacuole ⛽️🎈(Plants Only): Storage and pressure maintenance.
• Microbody 😈⚡️: Enzyme reactions.
• Cell Wall 🌱🏰 (Plants Only): Extra support and protection
• Capsule 🛡️🦠 : Protective armor for bacteria.
• Flagellum 🪡: Cell’s propeller for movement.
• Nucleolus 🏭🧠➡️🥩💪: Small factory inside the nucleus that makes ribosomes.
• Nucleoplasm 🪼🧠: Jelly inside the nucleus that holds everything in place.
• Nucleoid 🦠🚫🏰: Open DNA area in bacteria, no walls, just a region.
• Nitroplast ❄️💨: Nitrogen storage or processor.

By using these analogies and jot notes, you can better understand and remember the functions and importance of each cell component 🧫🧬🔬.

[Og.Just_aGamer]

First physics then chemistry then computer science and now biology, bro is the all-round that we need 😮

[gamereditorner]

As a biologist, the summary is awesome! Is there information about the organisms and/or subjects in detail in other legitimate website or books?

Edit: still have biology materials that I still kept to this day.

[jonas.]

Your vids are extremely instructive and funny at the same time please never stop doing these

[spandanabansod]

great art style, great way to explain. turns out your still just 18, and already doing awesome work. man, you inspire me- hoping to be like you someday.

[TuxedoAndMartini]

Having an interview for medical school tomorrow, I couldn't have found a better video to recap all the Biology. Thanks Wacky Science!

[abir_existz]

My neurons don't really understand how this channel hasn't blown up yet. Great vids btw 👍👍

[wattox]

I watched it from the start to the end, and it was great. Keep it up man!

[ImpossibleEvan]

You got me through chemistry last year, this will help me with the upcoming year of bio