Metal Detector Treasure Hunt on Italian Beach

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A metal detector is a device for locating hidden metal parts, pipes and electrical conductors on land and under water. With the beginning of the 20th century, attempts were made ​​to develop a device for locating metals. Benefits promised you mainly in mining. The physicist Heinrich Wilhelm Dove invented in the 19th century, the induction balance system, which was used in metal detectors a hundred years later than the first system for metal detectors. The first devices were very simple, you need a lot of battery power, and worked only to a very limited extent. Alexander Graham Bell tried to use such a device to a bullet in the chest of American President James Garfield in 1881 to find. The attempt was unsuccessful, apparently because the metal coil springs of the bed disturbed. The modern development of the metal detector began in the 1930s.

The technician Gerhard Fischer realized that radio waves were disturbed by ore-bearing rock. It should therefore be reversed possible to locate with the help of high-frequency waves metal. In 1937 he obtained the first patent for a metal detector. Jozef Stanislaw Kosacki, a Polish officer who was stationed at a unit in St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland in the early years of World War II, managed the same improvement. However, these devices were very heavy and required vacuum tubes and separate batteries. Manufacturers of new devices brought their own ideas to the market soon, so began about White's Electronics of Oregon in the 1950s Oremaster Geiger counter to develop. Another inventor in detector technology was Charles Garrett.

Metal detectors usually consist of a battery-powered electronic circuit and a low-frequency alternating current flowing through the search coil, the magnetic field should extend as far as possible. Metal detectors have many applications: In airports and other sensitive areas to control people.
To find the position of metallic cables and pipes in the ground and in walls. In the food industry and pharmaceutical industry to find metal fragments in the products. In the treasure hunt to locate metallic objects, such as coins, jewelry, etc. (see also detectorists ).

In the archeology of the metal detector provides a valuable service in the Initial guidance on burial sites of the metal leading epochs, the large-area planning (prospecting) and the rescue of archaeological monuments on large sites (Notbergungen). However, their proper use requires the highest discipline, lest rashly location situations are destroyed undocumented. Because of this risk, many archaeologists use the metal detector on excavations are skeptical.

With the explosive ordnance disposal to detect landmines, unexploded ordnance, ammunition and the like. In the region of the machine protection: inspecting logs before sawing or of plastic granules before processing in the extruder as well as in non-woven and film production. Inductive proximity switches operate on the same principle as metal detectors, however, are relatively small and therefore have lower operating distances. They are used in automation technology for positioning and as limit switches.

Metal detectors not considered portable (personal safety and mine), are composed of arches or tunnels detection known as "Metal Detection Heads". These are used in the food, chemical, pharmaceutical, mining, logging, or even recycling processes. A metal detector is the instrument through a series of electromagnetic pulses is able to detect metal objects. Are used as a safety search of mines or in finding archaeological objects.

To limit damage to the archaeological and historical heritage, the use of metal detectors is regulated in various countries including France, the Spain and Belgium. The invention of the metal detector as we know it today, however, must the military needs. Before the Second World War, between the thirties and forties in the laboratories of the American army, therefore, it was possible to create a device capable of detecting and locating buried metal objects. The instrument that resulted was called the detector, the name inspired by the Latin and can be translated as the detector.

A common application of metal detectors can be found in the form of "gates" in airports and other guarded buildings where visitors must pass through and security staff auditory and visual receive information on the amount of metal. Also, the traffic sensors that allow the traffic lights dependent on metal detectors that detect the presence of vehicles and even bicycles.

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