ggplot2 package | How to annotate the chart?

When constructing a data visualization, it is often necessary to make annotations to the data displayed. Annotations are nothing but the meta-data for the plot. They provide additional contextual information to the plot such as:
- Char title
- Axis title
- Text labels
- Legends
- Axis tick mark labels and their placements
- Colors in plots
In this video, we will use gapminder data and annotate its non-data components using various functions from ggplot2 package used for the annotation.

- geom_text ( ) function is used to annotate the chart
- annotate ( ) function is used to annotate only the outlier in the chart
- labs ( ) function is used for annotations of axis title, legends and chart title.
- scale_ functions are used to change the axis scales
- RcolorBrewer package is used to change the colors in the plot

The Rmarkdown file used in this video can be found at Github Repository: